Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/klamos
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
Unknown. Probably of non-Indo-European origin due to the a-vocalism. However, MacBain compares Sanskrit क्लान्त (klānta, “exhausted, wearied, fatigued”).[1]
Adjective
*klamos
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *klamos | *klamou | *klamoi |
| vocative | *klame | *klamou | *klamoi |
| accusative | *klamom | *klamou | *klamons |
| genitive | *klamī | *klamous | *klamom |
| dative | *klamūi | *klamobom | *klamobos |
| instrumental | *klamū | *klamobim | *klamobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *klamā | *klamai | *klamās |
| vocative | *klamā | *klamai | *klamās |
| accusative | *klamam | *klamai | *klamans |
| genitive | *klamās | *klamous | *klamom |
| dative | *klamai | *klamābom | *klamābos |
| instrumental | *? | *klamābim | *klamābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *klamom | *klamou | *klamā |
| vocative | *klamom | *klamou | *klamā |
| accusative | *klamom | *klamou | *klamā |
| genitive | *klamī | *klamous | *klamom |
| dative | *klamūi | *klamobom | *klamobos |
| instrumental | *klamū | *klamobim | *klamobis |
| Declension of the comparative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *klamyūs | *? | *klamyoses |
| vocative | *klamyūs | *? | *klamyoses |
| accusative | *klamyosam | *? | *klamyosans |
| genitive | *klamisos | *? | *klamisom |
| dative | *klamisei | *? | *klamisbos |
| instrumental | *klamisī | *? | *klamisbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *klamyūs | *? | *klamyoses |
| vocative | *klamyūs | *? | *klamyoses |
| accusative | *klamyosam | *? | *klamyosans |
| genitive | *klamisos | *? | *klamisom |
| dative | *klamisei | *? | *klamisbos |
| instrumental | *klamisī | *? | *klamisbis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *klamis | *? | *? |
| vocative | *klamis | *? | *? |
| accusative | *klamis | *? | *? |
| genitive | *klamisos | *? | *klamisom |
| dative | *klamisei | *? | *klamisbos |
| instrumental | *klamisī | *? | *klamisbis |
Descendants
References
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “clam”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “claf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
- Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
- ^ MacBain, Alexander, Mackay, Eneas (1911) “cloimh”, in An Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language[1], Stirling, →ISBN