Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/mrakis

This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Celtic

Etymology

Connecting this word to Latin marceō etc., as has been done since Pokorny,[1] runs into the problem of explaining the *a; it cannot be regularly yielded from a root *merk- (“to be soaked”).[2]

Noun

*mrakis gender unattested

  1. malt

Inflection

Masculine/feminine i-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *mrakis *mrakī *mrakīs
vocative *mraki *mrakī *mrakīs
accusative *mrakim *mrakī *mrakins
genitive *mrakeis *mrakyow *mrakyom
dative *mrakei *mrakibom *mrakibos
locative *mrakei *? *?
instrumental *mrakī *mrakibim *mrakibis

Reconstruction notes

Goidelic and Brittonic do not agree on this word's gender. In Goidelic, it is feminine; and in Brittonic, it is masculine.

Descendants

  • Proto-Brythonic: *brag
    • Middle Breton: braguez
      • Breton: bragez
    • Old Cornish: brag
    • Middle Welsh: brag, brac
  • Old Irish: mraich
  • Gaulish: *brakis
    • → Latin: bracis
      • French: brai (“grain residue after distillation; crushed malt”)
      • ⇒ Latin: *braciō (1st-conjugation verb)

References

  1. ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “bracis”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 85
  2. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*mraki-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 279
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