|
|
This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *nigyéti (whence also Ancient Greek νίζω (nízō)), from *neygʷ- (“to wash”). The loss of labialization when *-yéti was attached is regular.
Verb
*nigyeti[1]
- to wash
- Synonyms: *ameti, *wolkīti
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*nigyū
|
*nigyemam
|
*ninixsū
|
*ninoiga
|
| 2nd singular
|
*nigyesi
|
*nigyetās
|
*ninixsesi
|
*ninoigas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*nigyeti
|
*nigyeto
|
*ninixseti
|
*ninoige
|
| 1st plural
|
*nigyomosi
|
*nigyemo
|
*ninixsomosi
|
*ninoigmo
|
| 2nd plural
|
*nigyetesi
|
*nigyestē
|
*ninixsetesi
|
*ninoixte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*nigyonti
|
*nigyento
|
*ninixsonti
|
*ninoigars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*neixsū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*neixsesi
|
?
|
*nigye
|
| 3rd singular
|
*neixseti
|
?
|
*nigyetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*neixsomosi
|
?
|
*nigyomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*neixsetesi
|
?
|
*nigyete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*neixsonti
|
?
|
*nigyontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*nigyūr
|
—
|
*ninixsūr
|
*ninoigra
|
| 2nd singular
|
*nigyetar
|
—
|
*ninixsetar
|
*ninoigras?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*nigyetor
|
?
|
*ninixsetor
|
*ninoigre
|
| 1st plural
|
*nigyommor
|
—
|
*ninixsommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*nigyedwe
|
—
|
*ninixsedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*nigyontor
|
?
|
*ninixsontor
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*neixsūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*neixsetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*neixsetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*neixsommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*neixsedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*neixsontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nigyonts
|
*nigyonte
|
*nigyontes
|
| vocative
|
*nigyonts
|
*nigyonte
|
*nigyontes
|
| accusative
|
*nigyontam
|
*nigyonte
|
*nigyontans
|
| genitive
|
*nigyantos
|
*?
|
*nigyantom
|
| dative
|
*nigyantei
|
*nigyantbom
|
*nigyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*nigyantī?
|
*nigyantbim
|
*nigyantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nigyantī
|
*nigyantī
|
*nigyantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*nigyantī
|
*nigyantī
|
*nigyantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*nigyantīm
|
*nigyantī
|
*nigyantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*nigyantyās
|
*?
|
*nigyantyom
|
| dative
|
*nigyantyāi
|
*nigyantyābom
|
*nigyantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*nigyantyābim
|
*nigyantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nigyont
|
*?
|
*nigyonta
|
| vocative
|
*nigyont
|
*?
|
*nigyonta
|
| accusative
|
*nigyont
|
*?
|
*nigyonta
|
| genitive
|
*nigyantos
|
*?
|
*nigyantom
|
| dative
|
*nigyantei
|
*?
|
*nigyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*nigyantī?
|
*?
|
*nigyantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nigyomnos
|
*nigyomnou
|
*nigyomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*nigyomne
|
*nigyomnou
|
*nigyomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*nigyomnom
|
*nigyomnou
|
*nigyomnons
|
| genitive
|
*nigyomnī
|
*nigyomnous
|
*nigyomnom
|
| dative
|
*nigyomnūi
|
*nigyomnobom
|
*nigyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*nigyomnū
|
*nigyomnobim
|
*nigyomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nigyomnā
|
*nigyomnai
|
*nigyomnās
|
| vocative
|
*nigyomnā
|
*nigyomnai
|
*nigyomnās
|
| accusative
|
*nigyomnam
|
*nigyomnai
|
*nigyomnans
|
| genitive
|
*nigyomnās
|
*nigyomnous
|
*nigyomnom
|
| dative
|
*nigyomnai
|
*nigyomnābom
|
*nigyomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*nigyomnābim
|
*nigyomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nigyomnom
|
*nigyomnou
|
*nigyomnā
|
| vocative
|
*nigyomnom
|
*nigyomnou
|
*nigyomnā
|
| accusative
|
*nigyomnom
|
*nigyomnou
|
*nigyomnā
|
| genitive
|
*nigyomnī
|
*nigyomnous
|
*nigyomnom
|
| dative
|
*nigyomnūi
|
*nigyomnobom
|
*nigyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*nigyomnū
|
*nigyomnobim
|
*nigyomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nixtos
|
*nixtou
|
*nixtoi
|
| vocative
|
*nixte
|
*nixtou
|
*nixtoi
|
| accusative
|
*nixtom
|
*nixtou
|
*nixtons
|
| genitive
|
*nixtī
|
*nixtous
|
*nixtom
|
| dative
|
*nixtūi
|
*nixtobom
|
*nixtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*nixtū
|
*nixtobim
|
*nixtobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nixtā
|
*nixtai
|
*nixtās
|
| vocative
|
*nixtā
|
*nixtai
|
*nixtās
|
| accusative
|
*nixtam
|
*nixtai
|
*nixtans
|
| genitive
|
*nixtās
|
*nixtous
|
*nixtom
|
| dative
|
*nixtai
|
*nixtābom
|
*nixtābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*nixtābim
|
*nixtābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*nixtom
|
*nixtou
|
*nixtā
|
| vocative
|
*nixtom
|
*nixtou
|
*nixtā
|
| accusative
|
*nixtom
|
*nixtou
|
*nixtā
|
| genitive
|
*nixtī
|
*nixtous
|
*nixtom
|
| dative
|
*nixtūi
|
*nixtobom
|
*nixtobos
|
| instrumental
|
*nixtū
|
*nixtobim
|
*nixtobis
|
Descendants
References
- ^ Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 492-496