Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/nowiyos
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *néwos, *néwyos.
Adjective
*nowiyos[1]
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *nowiyos | *nowiyou | *nowiyoi |
| vocative | *nowiye | *nowiyou | *nowiyoi |
| accusative | *nowiyom | *nowiyou | *nowiyons |
| genitive | *nowiyī | *nowiyous | *nowiyom |
| dative | *nowiyūi | *nowiyobom | *nowiyobos |
| instrumental | *nowiyū | *nowiyobim | *nowiyobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *nowiyā | *nowiyai | *nowiyās |
| vocative | *nowiyā | *nowiyai | *nowiyās |
| accusative | *nowiyam | *nowiyai | *nowiyans |
| genitive | *nowiyās | *nowiyous | *nowiyom |
| dative | *nowiyai | *nowiyābom | *nowiyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *nowiyābim | *nowiyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *nowiyom | *nowiyou | *nowiyā |
| vocative | *nowiyom | *nowiyou | *nowiyā |
| accusative | *nowiyom | *nowiyou | *nowiyā |
| genitive | *nowiyī | *nowiyous | *nowiyom |
| dative | *nowiyūi | *nowiyobom | *nowiyobos |
| instrumental | *nowiyū | *nowiyobim | *nowiyobis |
| Declension of the comparative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *nowiyūs | *? | *nowiyoses |
| vocative | *nowiyūs | *? | *nowiyoses |
| accusative | *nowiyosam | *? | *nowiyosans |
| genitive | *nowiyisos | *? | *nowiyisom |
| dative | *nowiyisei | *? | *nowiyisbos |
| instrumental | *nowiyisī | *? | *nowiyisbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *nowiyūs | *? | *nowiyoses |
| vocative | *nowiyūs | *? | *nowiyoses |
| accusative | *nowiyosam | *? | *nowiyosans |
| genitive | *nowiyisos | *? | *nowiyisom |
| dative | *nowiyisei | *? | *nowiyisbos |
| instrumental | *nowiyisī | *? | *nowiyisbis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *nowiyis | *? | *? |
| vocative | *nowiyis | *? | *? |
| accusative | *nowiyis | *? | *? |
| genitive | *nowiyisos | *? | *nowiyisom |
| dative | *nowiyisei | *? | *nowiyisbos |
| instrumental | *nowiyisī | *? | *nowiyisbis |
Reconstruction notes
- A proto-form *nowiyos is absolutely required to explain the Brittonic forms; *nouyos would lead to e.g. Welsh **nwy instead of attested newydd.
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *nöwɨð
- Old Irish: nuae, nue, naue, nóe
- Gaulish: nouiio (in the plate of Lezoux, also in many Roman place names)
- Hispano-Celtic:
- → Galician: Noia (place name)
References
- ^ Delamarre, Xavier (2003) “nouiios”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 236