Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/segos
Proto-Celtic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰós, an adjective formed from *seǵʰ-. A fellow adjectival cognate is Sanskrit सह (sahá, “powerful”).
Adjective
*segos
Inflection
| O/ā-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *segos | *segou | *segoi |
| vocative | *sege | *segou | *segoi |
| accusative | *segom | *segou | *segons |
| genitive | *segī | *segous | *segom |
| dative | *segūi | *segobom | *segobos |
| instrumental | *segū | *segobim | *segobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *segā | *segai | *segās |
| vocative | *segā | *segai | *segās |
| accusative | *segam | *segai | *segans |
| genitive | *segās | *segous | *segom |
| dative | *segai | *segābom | *segābos |
| instrumental | *? | *segābim | *segābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *segom | *segou | *segā |
| vocative | *segom | *segou | *segā |
| accusative | *segom | *segou | *segā |
| genitive | *segī | *segous | *segom |
| dative | *segūi | *segobom | *segobos |
| instrumental | *segū | *segobim | *segobis |
| Declension of the comparative | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *segyūs | *? | *segyoses |
| vocative | *segyūs | *? | *segyoses |
| accusative | *segyosam | *? | *segyosans |
| genitive | *segisos | *? | *segisom |
| dative | *segisei | *? | *segisbos |
| instrumental | *segisī | *? | *segisbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *segyūs | *? | *segyoses |
| vocative | *segyūs | *? | *segyoses |
| accusative | *segyosam | *? | *segyosans |
| genitive | *segisos | *? | *segisom |
| dative | *segisei | *? | *segisbos |
| instrumental | *segisī | *? | *segisbis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *segis | *? | *? |
| vocative | *segis | *? | *? |
| accusative | *segis | *? | *? |
| genitive | *segisos | *? | *segisom |
| dative | *segisei | *? | *segisbos |
| instrumental | *segisī | *? | *segisbis |
Reconstruction notes
Matasović conflates the possibly s-stem noun and definitely o/ā-stem adjective into one lemma.[1]
Derived terms
- *Segomū
- *segonts
Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic: *hɨɣ
- Celtiberian: Segouia (“Segovia”), Sekobirikez (“Segobriga”) (ablative singular)
- Gaulish: *segos (in personal names)
- ⇒ Lepontic: 𐌔𐌄𐌗𐌄𐌈𐌖 (sexeθu, “?”)
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *seǵʰ-,[1] possibly via Proto-Indo-European *séǵʰos (“power, strength”) (an s-stem). Cognate with Proto-Germanic *segaz (“victory”), another s-stem formation from *seǵʰ-.
Noun
*segos n
Inflection
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *segos | *segese? | *segesa |
| vocative | *segos | *segese? | *segesa |
| accusative | *segos | *segese? | *segesa |
| genitive | *segesos | *segesous? | *segesom |
| dative | *segesei | *segesbom | *segesbos |
| locative | *segesi | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *segesei | *segesbim | *segesbis |
Descendants
- Middle Irish: seg
- ⇒ Gaulish: *Segesticā (“Sisak, Segestica, Segesta”) (possibly)
- → Ancient Greek: Σεγεστική (Segestikḗ)
- → Latin: Segestica
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*sego-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 327