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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *teh₂ws- (“to be quiet, be still”), see also Danish tyst (“quiet”),[1] Old Prussian tusnan (“still”) and Luwian 𒌅𒄷𒅆𒀀𒄿 (tuḫušiya-, “to await, to wait and see”).[2]
Verb
*tausyeti[3]
- to be quiet
- to be still
Declension
| Thematic present
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*tawsyū
|
*tawsyemam
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*tawsyesi
|
*tawsyetās
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*tawsyeti
|
*tawsyeto
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*tawsyomosi
|
*tawsyemo
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*tawsyetesi
|
*tawsyestē
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*tawsyonti
|
*tawsyento
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*tawsye
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
?
|
*tawsyetou
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
?
|
*tawsyomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*tawsyete
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
?
|
*tawsyontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*tawsyūr
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*tawsyetar
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*tawsyetor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*tawsyommor
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*tawsyedwe
|
—
|
?
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*tawsyontor
|
?
|
?
|
—
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
?
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*tawsyonts
|
*tawsyonte
|
*tawsyontes
|
| vocative
|
*tawsyonts
|
*tawsyonte
|
*tawsyontes
|
| accusative
|
*tawsyontam
|
*tawsyonte
|
*tawsyontans
|
| genitive
|
*tawsyantos
|
*?
|
*tawsyantom
|
| dative
|
*tawsyantei
|
*tawsyantbom
|
*tawsyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*tawsyantī?
|
*tawsyantbim
|
*tawsyantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*tawsyantī
|
*tawsyantī
|
*tawsyantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*tawsyantī
|
*tawsyantī
|
*tawsyantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*tawsyantīm
|
*tawsyantī
|
*tawsyantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*tawsyantyās
|
*?
|
*tawsyantyom
|
| dative
|
*tawsyantyāi
|
*tawsyantyābom
|
*tawsyantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*tawsyantyābim
|
*tawsyantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*tawsyont
|
*?
|
*tawsyonta
|
| vocative
|
*tawsyont
|
*?
|
*tawsyonta
|
| accusative
|
*tawsyont
|
*?
|
*tawsyonta
|
| genitive
|
*tawsyantos
|
*?
|
*tawsyantom
|
| dative
|
*tawsyantei
|
*?
|
*tawsyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*tawsyantī?
|
*?
|
*tawsyantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*tawsyomnos
|
*tawsyomnou
|
*tawsyomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*tawsyomne
|
*tawsyomnou
|
*tawsyomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*tawsyomnom
|
*tawsyomnou
|
*tawsyomnons
|
| genitive
|
*tawsyomnī
|
*tawsyomnous
|
*tawsyomnom
|
| dative
|
*tawsyomnūi
|
*tawsyomnobom
|
*tawsyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*tawsyomnū
|
*tawsyomnobim
|
*tawsyomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*tawsyomnā
|
*tawsyomnai
|
*tawsyomnās
|
| vocative
|
*tawsyomnā
|
*tawsyomnai
|
*tawsyomnās
|
| accusative
|
*tawsyomnam
|
*tawsyomnai
|
*tawsyomnans
|
| genitive
|
*tawsyomnās
|
*tawsyomnous
|
*tawsyomnom
|
| dative
|
*tawsyomnai
|
*tawsyomnābom
|
*tawsyomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*tawsyomnābim
|
*tawsyomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*tawsyomnom
|
*tawsyomnou
|
*tawsyomnā
|
| vocative
|
*tawsyomnom
|
*tawsyomnou
|
*tawsyomnā
|
| accusative
|
*tawsyomnom
|
*tawsyomnou
|
*tawsyomnā
|
| genitive
|
*tawsyomnī
|
*tawsyomnous
|
*tawsyomnom
|
| dative
|
*tawsyomnūi
|
*tawsyomnobom
|
*tawsyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*tawsyomnū
|
*tawsyomnobim
|
*tawsyomnobis
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Descendants
- Proto-Brythonic:
- ⇒ Old Irish: (with some consonant-initial suffix preserving the /s/) ·túaisi
References