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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wég-ye-ti (“to spin, weave”).[1][2] Cognate with Sanskrit वागरा (vāgarā, “snare”), Latin vēlum (“cloth, sail”), English wick.[3]
Verb
*wegyeti[2]
- to weave, compose
Inflection
| Thematic present, suffixless preterite
|
| Active voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*wegyū
|
*wegyemam
|
*wiuxsū
|
*wāga
|
| 2nd singular
|
*wegyesi
|
*wegyetās
|
*wiuxsesi
|
*wāgas?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*wegyeti
|
*wegyeto
|
*wiuxseti
|
*wāge
|
| 1st plural
|
*wegyomosi
|
*wegyemo
|
*wiuxsomosi
|
*wāgmo
|
| 2nd plural
|
*wegyetesi
|
*wegyestē
|
*wiuxsetesi
|
*wāxte
|
| 3rd plural
|
*wegyonti
|
*wegyento
|
*wiuxsonti
|
*wāgars
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*wexsū
|
?
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*wexsesi
|
?
|
*wegye
|
| 3rd singular
|
*wexseti
|
?
|
*wegyetou
|
| 1st plural
|
*wexsomosi
|
?
|
*wegyomos
|
| 2nd plural
|
*wexsetesi
|
?
|
*wegyete
|
| 3rd plural
|
*wexsonti
|
?
|
*wegyontou
|
| Passive voice
|
|
|
Present
|
Imperfect
|
Future
|
Preterite
|
| 1st singular
|
*wegyūr
|
—
|
*wiuxsūr
|
*wāgra
|
| 2nd singular
|
*wegyetar
|
—
|
*wiuxsetar
|
*wāgras?
|
| 3rd singular
|
*wegyetor
|
?
|
*wiuxsetor
|
*wāgre
|
| 1st plural
|
*wegyommor
|
—
|
*wiuxsommor
|
?
|
| 2nd plural
|
*wegyedwe
|
—
|
*wiuxsedwe
|
?
|
| 3rd plural
|
*wegyontor
|
?
|
*wiuxsontor
|
?
|
|
|
Pres. subjunctive
|
Past subjunctive
|
Imperative
|
|
| 1st singular
|
*wexsūr
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd singular
|
*wexsetar
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd singular
|
*wexsetor
|
—
|
—
|
| 1st plural
|
*wexsommor
|
—
|
—
|
| 2nd plural
|
*wexsedwe
|
—
|
—
|
| 3rd plural
|
*wexsontor
|
—
|
—
|
| Declension of the present participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wegyonts
|
*wegyonte
|
*wegyontes
|
| vocative
|
*wegyonts
|
*wegyonte
|
*wegyontes
|
| accusative
|
*wegyontam
|
*wegyonte
|
*wegyontans
|
| genitive
|
*wegyantos
|
*?
|
*wegyantom
|
| dative
|
*wegyantei
|
*wegyantbom
|
*wegyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*wegyantī?
|
*wegyantbim
|
*wegyantbis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wegyantī
|
*wegyantī
|
*wegyantiyās
|
| vocative
|
*wegyantī
|
*wegyantī
|
*wegyantiyās
|
| accusative
|
*wegyantīm
|
*wegyantī
|
*wegyantiyans
|
| genitive
|
*wegyantyās
|
*?
|
*wegyantyom
|
| dative
|
*wegyantyāi
|
*wegyantyābom
|
*wegyantyābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*wegyantyābim
|
*wegyantyābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wegyont
|
*?
|
*wegyonta
|
| vocative
|
*wegyont
|
*?
|
*wegyonta
|
| accusative
|
*wegyont
|
*?
|
*wegyonta
|
| genitive
|
*wegyantos
|
*?
|
*wegyantom
|
| dative
|
*wegyantei
|
*?
|
*wegyantbos
|
| instrumental
|
*wegyantī?
|
*?
|
*wegyantbis
|
| Declension of the middle participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wegyomnos
|
*wegyomnou
|
*wegyomnoi
|
| vocative
|
*wegyomne
|
*wegyomnou
|
*wegyomnoi
|
| accusative
|
*wegyomnom
|
*wegyomnou
|
*wegyomnons
|
| genitive
|
*wegyomnī
|
*wegyomnous
|
*wegyomnom
|
| dative
|
*wegyomnūi
|
*wegyomnobom
|
*wegyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*wegyomnū
|
*wegyomnobim
|
*wegyomnobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wegyomnā
|
*wegyomnai
|
*wegyomnās
|
| vocative
|
*wegyomnā
|
*wegyomnai
|
*wegyomnās
|
| accusative
|
*wegyomnam
|
*wegyomnai
|
*wegyomnans
|
| genitive
|
*wegyomnās
|
*wegyomnous
|
*wegyomnom
|
| dative
|
*wegyomnai
|
*wegyomnābom
|
*wegyomnābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*wegyomnābim
|
*wegyomnābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wegyomnom
|
*wegyomnou
|
*wegyomnā
|
| vocative
|
*wegyomnom
|
*wegyomnou
|
*wegyomnā
|
| accusative
|
*wegyomnom
|
*wegyomnou
|
*wegyomnā
|
| genitive
|
*wegyomnī
|
*wegyomnous
|
*wegyomnom
|
| dative
|
*wegyomnūi
|
*wegyomnobom
|
*wegyomnobos
|
| instrumental
|
*wegyomnū
|
*wegyomnobim
|
*wegyomnobis
|
| Declension of the past participle
|
| masculine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wextos
|
*wextou
|
*wextoi
|
| vocative
|
*wexte
|
*wextou
|
*wextoi
|
| accusative
|
*wextom
|
*wextou
|
*wextons
|
| genitive
|
*wextī
|
*wextous
|
*wextom
|
| dative
|
*wextūi
|
*wextobom
|
*wextobos
|
| instrumental
|
*wextū
|
*wextobim
|
*wextobis
|
| feminine
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wextā
|
*wextai
|
*wextās
|
| vocative
|
*wextā
|
*wextai
|
*wextās
|
| accusative
|
*wextam
|
*wextai
|
*wextans
|
| genitive
|
*wextās
|
*wextous
|
*wextom
|
| dative
|
*wextai
|
*wextābom
|
*wextābos
|
| instrumental
|
*?
|
*wextābim
|
*wextābis
|
| neuter
|
singular
|
dual
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
*wextom
|
*wextou
|
*wextā
|
| vocative
|
*wextom
|
*wextou
|
*wextā
|
| accusative
|
*wextom
|
*wextou
|
*wextā
|
| genitive
|
*wextī
|
*wextous
|
*wextom
|
| dative
|
*wextūi
|
*wextobom
|
*wextobos
|
| instrumental
|
*wextū
|
*wextobim
|
*wextobis
|
Derived terms
- ?Proto-Brythonic: *gwor-wāɣe (“did”, 3sg. preterite of *gwrėɣɨd)[1]
- Middle Breton: gueure
- Middle Welsh: goreu
Descendants
- Brythonic:
- Middle Breton: gweaff
- Cornish: gwia
- Middle Welsh: gwëu
- Goidelic:
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) “Urkelt. *weg-i̯e/o-”, in Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 660-63
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*weg-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 409
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*u̯eg-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 662