Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/weleti
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to see”).[1]
Verb
*weleti[1]
- to see
Inflection
| Thematic present | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *welū | *welemam | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *welesi | *weletās | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *weleti | *weleto | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *welomosi | *welemo | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *weletesi | *welestē | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *welonti | *welento | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | ? | *wele | |
| 3rd singular | ? | ? | *weletou | |
| 1st plural | ? | ? | *welomos | |
| 2nd plural | ? | ? | *welete | |
| 3rd plural | ? | ? | *welontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *welūr | — | ? | — |
| 2nd singular | *weletar | — | ? | — |
| 3rd singular | *weletor | ? | ? | — |
| 1st plural | *welommor | — | ? | — |
| 2nd plural | *weledwe | — | ? | — |
| 3rd plural | *welontor | ? | ? | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | ? | — | — | |
| 1st plural | ? | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | ? | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | ? | — | — | |
| Declension of the present participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *welonts | *welonte | *welontes |
| vocative | *welonts | *welonte | *welontes |
| accusative | *welontam | *welonte | *welontans |
| genitive | *welantos | *? | *welantom |
| dative | *welantei | *welantbom | *welantbos |
| instrumental | *welantī? | *welantbim | *welantbis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *welantī | *welantī | *welantiyās |
| vocative | *welantī | *welantī | *welantiyās |
| accusative | *welantīm | *welantī | *welantiyans |
| genitive | *welantyās | *? | *welantyom |
| dative | *welantyāi | *welantyābom | *welantyābos |
| instrumental | *? | *welantyābim | *welantyābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *welont | *? | *welonta |
| vocative | *welont | *? | *welonta |
| accusative | *welont | *? | *welonta |
| genitive | *welantos | *? | *welantom |
| dative | *welantei | *? | *welantbos |
| instrumental | *welantī? | *? | *welantbis |
| Declension of the middle participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *welomnos | *welomnou | *welomnoi |
| vocative | *welomne | *welomnou | *welomnoi |
| accusative | *welomnom | *welomnou | *welomnons |
| genitive | *welomnī | *welomnous | *welomnom |
| dative | *welomnūi | *welomnobom | *welomnobos |
| instrumental | *welomnū | *welomnobim | *welomnobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *welomnā | *welomnai | *welomnās |
| vocative | *welomnā | *welomnai | *welomnās |
| accusative | *welomnam | *welomnai | *welomnans |
| genitive | *welomnās | *welomnous | *welomnom |
| dative | *welomnai | *welomnābom | *welomnābos |
| instrumental | *? | *welomnābim | *welomnābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *welomnom | *welomnou | *welomnā |
| vocative | *welomnom | *welomnou | *welomnā |
| accusative | *welomnom | *welomnou | *welomnā |
| genitive | *welomnī | *welomnous | *welomnom |
| dative | *welomnūi | *welomnobom | *welomnobos |
| instrumental | *welomnū | *welomnobim | *welomnobis |
Descendants
The verb ceased to exist with this meaning in Old Irish but its imperative was inherited with a shift from "see!" to "there is".[1]
- Proto-Brythonic: *gwelɨd
- Old Irish: fil (“there is”)