Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hapras

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From earlier *šapras, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sauraz (“dirt, filth, wet earth”), compare Icelandic saur.

Adjective

*hapras[1]

  1. brittle, fragile, frail

Inflection

Inflection of *hapras
Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
singular plural
nominative *hapras *haprahët
accusative *haprahën *haprahët
genitive *haprahën *haprastën
*haprahidën
partitive *haprasta *haprahita
inessive *haprahëssa
*haprahëhna 		*haprahissa
*haprahihna
elative *haprahësta *haprahista
illative *haprahësën *haprahisën
adessive *haprahëlla *haprahilla
ablative *haprahëlta *haprahilta
allative *haprahëlën
*haprahëlëk 		*haprahilën
*haprahilëk
essive *haprassa *haprahina
translative *haprahëksi *haprahiksi
instructive *haprahën *haprahin
comitative *haprassëk *haprahinëk
abessive *haprahëtta *haprahitta

Descendants

  • Estonian: habras
  • Finnish: hauras
  • Ingrian: habras
  • Karelian: hapras
  • Livonian: a’bbõrz
  • ⇒ Ludian: habrak
  • Võro: habras
  • Votic: (Mati, Pummala) abraz

References

  1. ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–) “*hapras”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary]‎[1] (in Finnish)

Further reading

  • “habras”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
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