Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/jauhadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From earlier *jaušatak, from Proto-Finno-Permic *jaŋša-.
Verb
*jauhadak (stem *jauha-)[1]
- to grind
Inflection
Inflection of *jauhadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *jauhan | *jauhëin | — | *jauhagon |
| 2nd sing. | *jauhat | *jauhëit | *jauhak | *jauhagos |
| 3rd sing. | *jauhabi *jauha |
*jauhëi | *jauhagasën | *jauhagosën |
| 1st plur. | *jauhakmëk *jauhakmak |
*jauhëimëk *jauhëimak |
*jauhagatëmëk *jauhagatamak |
*jauhagotëmëk *jauhagotamak |
| 2nd plur. | *jauhaktëk *jauhaktak |
*jauhëidëk *jauhëidak |
*jauhagatë *jauhagata |
*jauhagot'ëk *jauhagotadak |
| 3rd plur. | *jauhabat *jauha |
*jauhëi | *jauhagasën | *jauhagosën |
| passive | *jauhaksën *jauhat'aksën |
*jauhadisën *jauhattisën |
*jauhadakahën *jauhattakahën |
*jauhadakohën *jauhattakohën |
| connegative | *jauhak | — | *jauhagak | *jauhagok |
| passive connegative | *jauhaktak | — | *jauhadagak *jauhattagak |
*jauhadagok *jauhattagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *jauhakcin | *jauhëicin | *jauhanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *jauhakcit | *jauhëicit | *jauhanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *jauhakci | *jauhëici | *jauhani | |
| 1st plur. | *jauhakcimëk *jauhakcimak |
*jauhëicimëk *jauhëicimak |
*jauhanëmëk *jauhanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *jauhakcidëk *jauhakcidak |
*jauhëicidëk *jauhëicidak |
*jauhanëdëk *jauhanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *jauhakci | *jauhëici | *jauhani | |
| passive | *jauhadakcihën *jauhat'akcihën |
*jauhadicihën *jauhatticihën |
*jauhadanëhën *jauhattanëhën | |
| connegative | *jauhakcik | *jauhëicik | *jauhanëk | |
| passive connegative | *jauhadakcik *jauhat'akcik |
*jauhadicik *jauhatticik |
*jauhadanëk *jauhattanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *jauhadak | present | *jauhaba | *jauhadapa *jauhattapa |
| infinitive 2 | *jauhadë- | past | *jauhanut | *jauhadu *jauhattu |
| gerund/supine | *jauhama | |||
| action noun | *jauhaminen | |||
Derived terms
- *jauho
- *jauhattadak
Descendants
Ingrian, Karelian, Livvi, Ludian and Veps have an *o-stem instead of an *a-stem.
From *jauha-:
- Estonian: (dialectal) jahvama/jahvada, jauhama/jauhada
- Finnish: jauhaa
- Ingrian: jauhaa
- Livonian: jo'vvõ
- Võro: jauhma/jauhaq
- Votic: javva
From *jauho-:
References
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
- http://www.eki.ee/dict/qs/index.cgi?Q=jahvama&F=M