Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kumma
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Uralic *kumma (“shady”).
Adjective
*kumma[1]
Noun
*kumma[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *kumma
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *kumma | *kummat | |
| accusative | *kumman | *kummat | |
| genitive | *kumman | *kummadën *kummëidën | |
| partitive | *kummada | *kummëida | |
| inessive | *kummassa *kummahna |
*kummëissa *kummëihna | |
| elative | *kummasta | *kummëista | |
| illative | *kummahën | *kummëihën | |
| adessive | *kummalla | *kummëilla | |
| ablative | *kummalta | *kummëilta | |
| allative | *kummalën *kummalëk |
*kummëilën *kummëilëk | |
| essive | *kummana | *kummëina | |
| translative | *kummaksi | *kummëiksi | |
| instructive | *kumman | *kummëin | |
| comitative | *kummanëk | *kummëinëk | |
| abessive | *kummatta | *kummëitta | |
Descendants
- Estonian: kumm (in compound: imekumm) (dialectal)
- Finnish: kumma
- →? Northern Sami: gobmi
- Ingrian: kumma
- Karelian: kumma
- Livvi: kummu
- Ludian: kumm
- Votic: kummõ
References
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kumma”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN