Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pandak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
From Proto-Uralic *pane-. The development is slightly irregular in that a regular sound change was skipped, otherwise the result would have been **poonë-, but still *pandak, which was levelled (note however *keerdäk in which the development occurred as usual).
Noun
*pandak (stem *panë-)[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *pandak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *panën | *panin | — | *pangon |
| 2nd sing. | *panët | *panit | *panëk | *pangos |
| 3rd sing. | *panëbi *pani |
*pani | *pankahën | *pankohën |
| 1st plur. | *panëkmëk *panëkmak |
*panimëk *panimak |
*pankadëmëk *pankadamak |
*pankodëmëk *pankodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *panëktëk *panëktak |
*panidëk *panidak |
*pankadë *pankada |
*pangot'ëk *pankodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *panëbat *pani |
*pani | *pankahën | *pankohën |
| passive | *panëksën *panët'aksën |
*pantihën *panëttisën |
*pantagasën *panëttakahën |
*pantagosën *panëttakohën |
| connegative | *panëk | — | *pangak | *pangok |
| passive connegative | *panëktak | — | *pantagak *panëttagak |
*pantagok *panëttagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *panëkcin | *panicin | *pannën | |
| 2nd sing. | *panëkcit | *panicit | *pannët | |
| 3rd sing. | *panëkci | *panici | *panni | |
| 1st plur. | *panëkcimëk *panëkcimak |
*panicimëk *panicimak |
*pannëmëk *pannëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *panëkcidëk *panëkcidak |
*panicidëk *panicidak |
*pannëdëk *pannëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *panëkci | *panici | *panni | |
| passive | *pandakcisën *panët'akcihën |
*panticisën *panëtticihën |
*pantanësën *panëttanëhën | |
| connegative | *panëkcik | *panicik | *pannëk | |
| passive connegative | *pandakcik *panët'akcik |
*panticik *panëtticik |
*pantanëk *panëttanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *pandak | present | *panëba | *pantaba *panëttapa |
| infinitive 2 | *pantë- | past | *pannut | *pantu *panëttu |
| gerund/supine | *panëma | |||
| action noun | *panëminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: panema/panna
- Finnish: panna
- Ingrian: panna
- Karelian: panna
- Livonian: pānda
- Veps: panda
- Võro: pandma/pandaq
- Votic: pannõ