Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ruka
Proto-Finnic
Etymology 1
Borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrūgǭ (whence Icelandic hrúga).
Noun
*ruka[1]
Inflection
Inflection of *ruka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ruka | *rugat | |
| accusative | *rugan | *rugat | |
| genitive | *rugan | *rukadën *rukëidën | |
| partitive | *rukada | *rukëida | |
| inessive | *rugassa *rugahna |
*rugëissa *rugëihna | |
| elative | *rugasta | *rugëista | |
| illative | *rukahën | *rukëihën | |
| adessive | *rugalla | *rugëilla | |
| ablative | *rugalta | *rugëilta | |
| allative | *rukalën *rukalëk |
*rukëilën *rukëilëk | |
| essive | *rukana | *rukëina | |
| translative | *rugaksi | *rugëiksi | |
| instructive | *rugan | *rugëin | |
| comitative | *rukanëk | *rukëinëk | |
| abessive | *rugatta | *rugëitta | |
Descendants
From *ruka:
From *ruko:
Etymology 2
Unknown.
Noun
*ruka (Northern Finnic)
Inflection
Inflection of *ruka
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ruka | *rugat | |
| accusative | *rugan | *rugat | |
| genitive | *rugan | *rukadën *rukëidën | |
| partitive | *rukada | *rukëida | |
| inessive | *rugassa *rugahna |
*rugëissa *rugëihna | |
| elative | *rugasta | *rugëista | |
| illative | *rukahën | *rukëihën | |
| adessive | *rugalla | *rugëilla | |
| ablative | *rugalta | *rugëilta | |
| allative | *rukalën *rukalëk |
*rukëilën *rukëilëk | |
| essive | *rukana | *rukëina | |
| translative | *rugaksi | *rugëiksi | |
| instructive | *rugan | *rugëin | |
| comitative | *rukanëk | *rukëinëk | |
| abessive | *rugatta | *rugëitta | |
Descendants
Further reading
- “ruga”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “ruka”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN