Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/toivottadak
Proto-Finnic
Etymology
Verb
*toivottadak (stem *toivotta-)
Inflection
Inflection of *toivottadak
| Note: The Proto-Finnic conjugation system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | ||||
| present | past | imperative | optative | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st sing. | *toivot'an | *toivot'ëin | — | *toivottagon |
| 2nd sing. | *toivot'at | *toivot'ëit | *toivot'ak | *toivottagos |
| 3rd sing. | *toivottapi *toivotta |
*toivottëi | *toivottakahën | *toivottakohën |
| 1st plur. | *toivot'akmëk *toivot'akmak |
*toivottëimëk *toivottëimak |
*toivottakadëmëk *toivottakadamak |
*toivottakodëmëk *toivottakodamak |
| 2nd plur. | *toivot'aktëk *toivot'aktak |
*toivottëidëk *toivottëidak |
*toivottakadë *toivottakada |
*toivottagot'ëk *toivottakodadak |
| 3rd plur. | *toivottabat *toivotta |
*toivottëi | *toivottakahën | *toivottakohën |
| passive | *toivot'aksën *toivot'at'aksën |
*toivottatihën *toivot'attihën |
*toivottatagasën *toivot'attagasën |
*toivottatagosën *toivot'attagosën |
| connegative | *toivot'ak | — | *toivottagak | *toivottagok |
| passive connegative | *toivot'aktak | — | *toivottatagak *toivot'attagak |
*toivottatagok *toivot'attagok |
| conditional 1 | conditional 2 | potential | ||
| 1st sing. | *toivot'akcin | *toivottëicin | *toivottanën | |
| 2nd sing. | *toivot'akcit | *toivottëicit | *toivottanët | |
| 3rd sing. | *toivot'akci | *toivottëici | *toivottani | |
| 1st plur. | *toivot'akcimëk *toivot'akcimak |
*toivottëicimëk *toivottëicimak |
*toivottanëmëk *toivottanëmak | |
| 2nd plur. | *toivot'akcidëk *toivot'akcidak |
*toivottëicidëk *toivottëicidak |
*toivottanëdëk *toivottanëdak | |
| 3rd plur. | *toivot'akci | *toivottëici | *toivottani | |
| passive | *toivottadakcisën *toivot'at'akcisën |
*toivottaticisën *toivot'atticisën |
*toivottatanësën *toivot'attanësën | |
| connegative | *toivot'akcik | *toivottëicik | *toivottanëk | |
| passive connegative | *toivottadakcik *toivot'at'akcik |
*toivottaticik *toivot'atticik |
*toivottatanëk *toivot'attanëk | |
| non-finite forms | infinitives/nouns | participles | ||
| active | passive | |||
| infinitive 1 | *toivottadak | present | *toivottapa | *toivottataba *toivot'attaba |
| infinitive 2 | *toivottatë- | past | *toivottanut | *toivottatu *toivot'attu |
| gerund/supine | *toivottama | |||
| action noun | *toivottaminen | |||
Descendants
- Estonian: tõotama/tõotada
- Finnish: toivottaa
- Karelian:
- North Karelian: toivottua
- South Karelian: toivottua
- Livonian: tõitõ
- Livvi: toivottua
- Ludian: toivottada
- Veps: toivotada
- Võro: toovotama/toovotaq, tootama/toottaq
Further reading
- Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “toivoa”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN