Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ainaharduz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *ainaz (“one”) +‎ *harduz (“hard”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑi̯.nɑ.ˌxɑr.ðuz/

Adjective

*ainaharduz[1]

  1. courageous, constant

Inflection

Declension of *ainaharduz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *ainaharduz *ainahardī *ainahardų, *-jatō *ainahardijai *ainahardijôz *ainahardijō
accusative *ainahardijanǭ *ainahardijǭ *ainahardų, *-jatō *ainahardijanz *ainahardijōz *ainahardijō
genitive *ainahardijas, *ainahardīs *ainahardijaizōz *ainahardijas, *ainahardīs *ainahardijaizǫ̂ *ainahardijaizǫ̂ *ainahardijaizǫ̂
dative *ainahardijammai *ainahardijaizōi *ainahardijammai *ainahardijaimaz *ainahardijaimaz *ainahardijaimaz
instrumental *ainahardijanō *ainahardijaizō *ainahardijanō *ainahardijaimiz *ainahardijaimiz *ainahardijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *ainahardijô *ainahardijǭ *ainahardijô *ainahardijaniz *ainahardijōniz *ainahardijōnō
accusative *ainahardijanų *ainahardijōnų *ainahardijô *ainahardijanunz *ainahardijōnunz *ainahardijōnō
genitive *ainahardīniz *ainahardijōniz *ainahardīniz *ainahardijanǫ̂ *ainahardijōnǫ̂ *ainahardijanǫ̂
dative *ainahardīni *ainahardijōni *ainahardīni *ainahardijammaz *ainahardijōmaz *ainahardijammaz
instrumental *ainahardīnē *ainahardijōnē *ainahardīnē *ainahardijammiz *ainahardijōmiz *ainahardijammiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *ainahardu
    • Old Saxon: ēnhard
    • Old High German: einharti
  • Old Norse: einharðr
    • Icelandic: einharður

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*aina-xarduz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 8
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