Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ardugaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃érdʰ-u-s, from *h₃erdʰ- +‎ *-us. Cognate with Latin arduus.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈɑr.du.ɣɑz/

Adjective

*ardugaz[1]

  1. steep

Inflection

Declension of *ardugaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *ardugaz *ardugō *ardugą, -atō *ardugai *ardugôz *ardugō
accusative *arduganǭ *ardugǭ *ardugą, -atō *arduganz *ardugōz *ardugō
genitive *ardugas, -is *ardugaizōz *ardugas, -is *ardugaizǫ̂ *ardugaizǫ̂ *ardugaizǫ̂
dative *ardugammai *ardugaizōi *ardugammai *ardugaimaz *ardugaimaz *ardugaimaz
instrumental *arduganō *ardugaizō *arduganō *ardugaimiz *ardugaimiz *ardugaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *ardugô *ardugǭ *ardugô *arduganiz *ardugōniz *ardugōnō
accusative *arduganų *ardugōnų *ardugô *arduganunz *ardugōnunz *ardugōnō
genitive *arduginiz *ardugōniz *arduginiz *arduganǫ̂ *ardugōnǫ̂ *arduganǫ̂
dative *ardugini *ardugōni *ardugini *ardugammaz *ardugōmaz *ardugammaz
instrumental *arduginē *ardugōnē *arduginē *ardugammiz *ardugōmiz *ardugammiz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: ǫrðugr

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*arduga-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 33
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.