Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/artijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂erdi-, *h₂erd- (sharp point, stinger). Cognate with Old Irish aird (point, ord, end point), Ancient Greek ἄρδις (árdis, arrowhead).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɑr.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*artijaną

  1. to tease, taunt, grill, annoy, irritate, provoke

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *artijō *artijaų *artijai ?
2nd singular *artīsi *artijais *artī *artijasai *artijaisau
3rd singular *artīþi *artijai *artijaþau *artijaþai *artijaiþau
1st dual *artijōs *artijaiw
2nd dual *artijaþiz *artijaiþiz *artijaþiz
1st plural *artijamaz *artijaim *artijanþai *artijainþau
2nd plural *artīþ *artijaiþ *artīþ *artijanþai *artijainþau
3rd plural *artijanþi *artijain *artijanþau *artijanþai *artijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *artidǭ *artidēdį̄
2nd singular *artidēz *artidēdīz
3rd singular *artidē *artidēdī
1st dual *artidēdū *artidēdīw
2nd dual *artidēdudiz *artidēdīdiz
1st plural *artidēdum *artidēdīm
2nd plural *artidēdud *artidēdīd
3rd plural *artidēdun *artidēdīn
present past
participles *artijandz *artidaz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: erta
    • Icelandic: erta
    • Faroese: erta
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: erta
    • Old Swedish: ærta
    • Danish: erte
      • Norwegian Bokmål: erte
    • Middle English: erten, ertin