Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/audanaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*audinaz (North Germanic)^[1]

Etymology

Past participle to a lost verb *audaną (“to grant”), possibly related to Latin ūber (“fruitfulness”)^[2] (though this is more likely identical to the noun ūber (“udder”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówdʰr̥), as well as to Lithuanian áusti (“to weave”). Kroonen believes both the Germanic verb and the Latin word in its abstract meaning to be from a dʰh₁-extension of a Proto-Indo-European root *Hew- (“to weave”), which he believes to be the base of *weh₁y- (“to twist; to weave”), connecting this to the notion of the Moirae and the Norns 'weaving' fates, and thus metaphorically granting blessings.^[3]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑu̯.ðɑ.nɑz/

Adjective

*audanaz^[3]^[1]

granted, given

Inflection

Declension of *audanaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*audanaz	*audanō	*audaną, -atō	*audanai	*audanôz	*audanō
accusative	*audananǭ	*audanǭ	*audaną, -atō	*audananz	*audanōz	*audanō
genitive	*audanas, -is	*audanaizōz	*audanas, -is	*audanaizǫ̂	*audanaizǫ̂	*audanaizǫ̂
dative	*audanammai	*audanaizōi	*audanammai	*audanaimaz	*audanaimaz	*audanaimaz
instrumental	*audananō	*audanaizō	*audananō	*audanaimiz	*audanaimiz	*audanaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*audanô	*audanǭ	*audanô	*audananiz	*audanōniz	*audanōnō
accusative	*audananų	*audanōnų	*audanô	*audananunz	*audanōnunz	*audanōnō
genitive	*audaniniz	*audanōniz	*audaniniz	*audananǫ̂	*audanōnǫ̂	*audananǫ̂
dative	*audanini	*audanōni	*audanini	*audanammaz	*audanōmaz	*audanammaz
instrumental	*audaninē	*audanōnē	*audaninē	*audanammiz	*audanōmiz	*audanammiz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *audan
- Old English: ēaden
- Old Saxon: ōdan
Old Norse: auðinn
- Icelandic: auðið
- Faroese: eyðin
- Old Swedish: ø̄dhin
  - Swedish: öde (“fate”)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*auđanaz ~ *auđenaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28
^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 353
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*audana-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

[HGE-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*auđanaz ~ *auđenaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28

[2] Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 353

[EDPG-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*audana-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

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