Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augnijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *augô (“eye”) +‎ *-janą, this verb retains the nasal sound that is present in the inflection of the noun. Piecewise doublet of *augijaną which was formed earlier and lacks the nasal.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɑu̯ɣ.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*augnijaną^[1]

to show, to display
to watch, to peer

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*augnijō	*augnijaų	—	*augnijai	?
2nd singular	*augnīsi	*augnijais	*augnī	*augnijasai	*augnijaisau
3rd singular	*augnīþi	*augnijai	*augnijaþau	*augnijaþai	*augnijaiþau
1st dual	*augnijōs	*augnijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*augnijaþiz	*augnijaiþiz	*augnijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*augnijamaz	*augnijaim	—	*augnijanþai	*augnijainþau
2nd plural	*augnīþ	*augnijaiþ	*augnīþ	*augnijanþai	*augnijainþau
3rd plural	*augnijanþi	*augnijain	*augnijanþau	*augnijanþai	*augnijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*augnidǭ	*augnidēdį̄
2nd singular	*augnidēz	*augnidēdīz
3rd singular	*augnidē	*augnidēdī
1st dual	*augnidēdū	*augnidēdīw
2nd dual	*augnidēdudiz	*augnidēdīdiz
1st plural	*augnidēdum	*augnidēdīm
2nd plural	*augnidēdud	*augnidēdīd
3rd plural	*augnidēdun	*augnidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*augnijandz	*augnidaz

Alternative reconstructions

*auganijaną^[1]
*auginijaną^[2]

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *augnijan
- Old English:
  - Middle English: aunen
- Old High German: *ouganen
  - Middle High German: ougenen, öugenen
Old Norse: *eygna
- Norwegian:
  Norwegian Nynorsk: øygne, øygna, augne, augna
- Swedish: ögna
- Danish: øjne

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*auʒ(a)njanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*augenjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

[Orel-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*auʒ(a)njanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 28

[Kroonen-2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*augenjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41

[1]

[2]