Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/baitraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *bʰoydrós. The o-grade is unexpected, as ro-stems usually take the zero-grade, as is clearly the case in regular *bitraz. This could theoretically point to a lost o-grade strong verb, in which case this adjective would be equivalent to *baitaną +‎ *-raz. Compare the similarly formed *haidraz, *staigraz. See also the related *baitilaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbɑi̯t.rɑz/

Adjective

*baitraz

  1. bitter, sharp
    Synonym: *bitraz

Inflection

Declension of *baitraz (a-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *baitraz *baitrō *baitrą, -atō *baitrai *baitrôz *baitrō
accusative *baitranǭ *baitrǭ *baitrą, -atō *baitranz *baitrōz *baitrō
genitive *baitras, -is *baitraizōz *baitras, -is *baitraizǫ̂ *baitraizǫ̂ *baitraizǫ̂
dative *baitrammai *baitraizōi *baitrammai *baitraimaz *baitraimaz *baitraimaz
instrumental *baitranō *baitraizō *baitranō *baitraimiz *baitraimiz *baitraimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *baitrô *baitrǭ *baitrô *baitraniz *baitrōniz *baitrōnō
accusative *baitranų *baitrōnų *baitrô *baitranunz *baitrōnunz *baitrōnō
genitive *baitriniz *baitrōniz *baitriniz *baitranǫ̂ *baitrōnǫ̂ *baitranǫ̂
dative *baitrini *baitrōni *baitrini *baitrammaz *baitrōmaz *baitrammaz
instrumental *baitrinē *baitrōnē *baitrinē *baitrammiz *baitrōmiz *baitrammiz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: *beitr, slíðrbeitr
  • Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍄𐍂𐍃 (baitrs)
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