Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/balwaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Possibly related to Old Church Slavonic болѣти (bolěti, “to be sick, be in pain”), Proto-Slavic *bȍlь (“pain”),^[1] Cornish bal (“disease”).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbɑl.wɑz/

Adjective

*balwaz

Inflection

Declension of *balwaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*balwaz	*balwō	*balwą, -atō	*balwai	*balwôz	*balwō
accusative	*balwanǭ	*balwǭ	*balwą, -atō	*balwanz	*balwōz	*balwō
genitive	*balwas, -is	*balwaizōz	*balwas, -is	*balwaizǫ̂	*balwaizǫ̂	*balwaizǫ̂
dative	*balwammai	*balwaizōi	*balwammai	*balwaimaz	*balwaimaz	*balwaimaz
instrumental	*balwanō	*balwaizō	*balwanō	*balwaimiz	*balwaimiz	*balwaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*balwô	*balwǭ	*balwô	*balwaniz	*balwōniz	*balwōnō
accusative	*balwanų	*balwōnų	*balwô	*balwanunz	*balwōnunz	*balwōnō
genitive	*balwiniz	*balwōniz	*balwiniz	*balwanǫ̂	*balwōnǫ̂	*balwanǫ̂
dative	*balwini	*balwōni	*balwini	*balwammaz	*balwōmaz	*balwammaz
instrumental	*balwinē	*balwōnē	*balwinē	*balwammiz	*balwōmiz	*balwammiz

Derived terms

*balwōną

Related terms

*balwą

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *balu
- Old English: bealu
  - Middle English: bale
- Old Frisian: balu (in compounds)
  - West Frisian: bal
- Old Saxon: *balu, *balo
  - Middle Low German: bal
- Old Dutch: *balo
  - Middle Dutch: bal
Old Norse: *bǫlvíss
- Icelandic: bölvís
- Faroese: bøl- (in compounds)
Gothic: *𐌱𐌰𐌻𐌿𐍃 (*balus) (in 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌰𐍅𐌴𐍃𐌴𐌹 (balwawēsei); 𐌱𐌰𐌻𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽 (balwjan))

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*balwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 50: “A noun derived from the adjective *balwa-”
^ Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “baldadig”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[2] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*balwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 50: “A noun derived from the adjective *balwa-”

[2] Philippa, Marlies, Debrabandere, Frans, Quak, Arend, Schoonheim, Tanneke, van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) “baldadig”, in Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands‎^[2] (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press

[1]

[2]