Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bardō

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin; possibly from *bardaz (“edge, brim; beard”),[1], from earlier *barzdaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰórsdʰ-o-s[2] from *bʰers- (“tip, edge”) +‎ *-dʰh₁eti (compare Sanskrit भृस्ति (bhṛstí, “tip, edge”)).[3] Alternatively perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bʰórHdʰ-o-s, from *bʰerHdʰ-, from *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce; to work with sharp tools”) +‎ *-dʰh₁eti.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbar.ðoː/

Noun

*bardō f[1]

  1. axe
    Synonyms: *adisô, *akwisī, *bardǭ, *bīþlaz

Inflection

Declension of *bardō (ō-stem)
singular plural
nominative *bardō *bardôz
vocative *bardō *bardôz
accusative *bardǭ *bardōz
genitive *bardōz *bardǫ̂
dative *bardōi *bardōmaz
instrumental *bardō *bardōmiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *bardu
  • Old Norse: barða
  • →? Proto-Slavic: *bordy (“axe”)[4] (see there for further descendants)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*ƀarđōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 36
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*barzda-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 86
  3. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2011) The Proto-Germanic n-stems: A study in diachronic morphophonology, Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 150-151
  4. ^ Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*bordy”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 201
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