Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/budilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

See also: *būdilaz

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *budą +‎ *-ilaz.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈbu.di.lɑz/

Noun

*budilaz m

one who carries out an order; beadle; bailiff
messenger; herald

Inflection

Declension of *budilaz (masculine a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*budilaz	budilōz, budilōs
vocative	*budil	budilōz, budilōs
accusative	*budilą	*budilanz
genitive	budilas, budilis	*budilǫ̂
dative	*budilai	*budilamaz
instrumental	*budilō	*budilamiz

Descendants

Some descendants of this word have conflated with descendants of Proto-Germanic *bidilaz (“seeker; requestor”).

Proto-West Germanic: *budil
- Old English: bydel
  - Middle English: budel, beodel, bidel, bedel
    - English: beadle
    - Scots: bedel, beddel, beddal
- Old Frisian: *bodel, *bedel
  - West Frisian: boal, beul
- Old Saxon: budil
  - Middle Low German: bodel, bödel, böddel
    - → Norwegian Nynorsk: bøddel
    - → Polabian: badål
    - → Old Swedish: böfvel
      - Swedish: bödel
      - → Finnish: peeveli, pyöveli
- Old Dutch: *budil
  - Middle Dutch: bodel, beudel, buel
    - Dutch: beul
      - Afrikaans: beul
- Old High German: butil
  - Middle High German: bütel
    - German: Büttel
- → Medieval Latin: bedellus, bidellus, pedellus
  - Old French: bedel
    - Middle French: bedeau
      - French: bedeau
    - → Italian: bidello
  - Old Occitan: bedel
    - Occitan: bedel
  - → German: Pedell
    - → Dutch: pedel, bedel
  - → Middle English: bedel
    - English: bedel
  - → Portuguese: bedel
  - → Spanish: bedel