Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ernustuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From a derivative of *arniz (“efficient, capable, diligent, sure”); see there for more.^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈer.nus.tuz/

Noun

*ernustuz m or f

seriousness; earnest; strength; solidity
struggle; fight

Inflection

Declension of *ernustuz (u-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*ernustuz	*ernustiwiz
vocative	*ernustu	*ernustiwiz
accusative	*ernustų	*ernustunz
genitive	*ernustauz	*ernustiwǫ̂
dative	*ernustiwi	*ernustumaz
instrumental	*ernustū	*ernustumiz

Descendants

Old English: eornust, eornost, eornest
- Middle English: eornest, ernest
  - Scots: ernist, ernyst
  - English: earnest
Old Frisian: ernst
- Saterland Frisian: Iedenst
- West Frisian: earnst
Old Saxon: ernust, ernist
- Middle Low German: ērnest, ērnst
  - German Low German: Eernst
Old Dutch: ernust, ernost
- Middle Dutch: ernst, ernest
  - Dutch: ernst
    - Afrikaans: erns
    - Negerhollands: ernst
  - Limburgish: èrns
Old High German: ernust
- → Czech: Arnošt
- Middle High German: ërnest, ërnst
  - Alemannic German: Èèrnscht, Ärnscht
  - German: Ernst
    - → English: Ernst, Ernest
  - Luxembourgish: Eescht

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*arnja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 35: “*ernusta-”

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*arnja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 35: “*ernusta-”

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