Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flōdijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *flōduz (“flood”) +‎ *-janą.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈɸlɔː.ði.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*flōdijaną[1]

  1. to flood

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *flōdijō *flōdijaų — *flōdijai ?
2nd singular *flōdīsi *flōdijais *flōdī *flōdijasai *flōdijaisau
3rd singular *flōdīþi *flōdijai *flōdijaþau *flōdijaþai *flōdijaiþau
1st dual *flōdijōs *flōdijaiw — — —
2nd dual *flōdijaþiz *flōdijaiþiz *flōdijaþiz — —
1st plural *flōdijamaz *flōdijaim — *flōdijanþai *flōdijainþau
2nd plural *flōdīþ *flōdijaiþ *flōdīþ *flōdijanþai *flōdijainþau
3rd plural *flōdijanþi *flōdijain *flōdijanþau *flōdijanþai *flōdijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *flōdidǭ *flōdidēdį̄
2nd singular *flōdidēz *flōdidēdīz
3rd singular *flōdidē *flōdidēdī
1st dual *flōdidēdū *flōdidēdīw
2nd dual *flōdidēdudiz *flōdidēdīdiz
1st plural *flōdidēdum *flōdidēdīm
2nd plural *flōdidēdud *flōdidēdīd
3rd plural *flōdidēdun *flōdidēdīn
present past
participles *flōdijandz *flōdidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *flōdijan
    • Old English: *flēdan
      • Middle English: fleden
    • Old Saxon: *flōdian
    • Old Dutch: *fluoden
    • Old High German: *fluoten
      • Middle High German: fluoten, vluoten, vlüeten
  • Old Norse: flǿða

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*flōdjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 107
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