Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/funhtijaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

*funhtaz, *funhtuz
*fūhtaz, *fūhtiz

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pnktu-, from *pen-k-. Cognate with Sanskrit पङ्क (paṅka, “mud, bog”). If *pen-k- is a k-extension of Proto-Indo-European *pen- (“moist; mud, swamp”) (which is uncertain), then compare also Proto-Germanic *fanją (“fen, marsh”), as well as Proto-Germanic *fangō (“wetness, moisture”) (whence Italian fango (“mud”), likely via Gothic).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸũːx.ti.jɑz/

Adjective

*funhtijaz(West Germanic)

wet
damp; moist

Inflection

Declension of *funhtijaz (ja-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*funhtijaz	*funhtijō	*funhtiją, -atō	*funhtijai	*funhtijôz	*funhtijō
accusative	*funhtijanǭ	*funhtijǭ	*funhtiją, -atō	*funhtijanz	*funhtijōz	*funhtijō
genitive	*funhtijas, -īs	*funhtijaizōz	*funhtijas, -īs	*funhtijaizǫ̂	*funhtijaizǫ̂	*funhtijaizǫ̂
dative	*funhtijammai	*funhtijaizōi	*funhtijammai	*funhtijaimaz	*funhtijaimaz	*funhtijaimaz
instrumental	*funhtijanō	*funhtijaizō	*funhtijanō	*funhtijaimiz	*funhtijaimiz	*funhtijaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*funhtijô	*funhtijǭ	*funhtijô	*funhtijaniz	*funhtijōniz	*funhtijōnō
accusative	*funhtijanų	*funhtijōnų	*funhtijô	*funhtijanunz	*funhtijōnunz	*funhtijōnō
genitive	*funhtīniz	*funhtijōniz	*funhtīniz	*funhtijanǫ̂	*funhtijōnǫ̂	*funhtijanǫ̂
dative	*funhtīni	*funhtijōni	*funhtīni	*funhtijammaz	*funhtijōmaz	*funhtijammaz
instrumental	*funhtīnē	*funhtijōnē	*funhtīnē	*funhtijammiz	*funhtijōmiz	*funhtijammiz

Derived terms

*funhtį̄
*funhtiþō

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *fų̄ht
- Old English: fūht
- Old Frisian: *fūht, *fūhte
  - Saterland Frisian: fuchtich
  - West Frisian: fochte; fochtich
- Old Saxon: *fūht
  - Middle Low German: vucht
    - German Low German: fucht; fuchtig
    - Low German: fucht
    - → Danish: fugt (noun); fugtig
    - → Swedish: fukt (noun); fuktig
    - → Norwegian: fuktig
- Old Dutch: fughte (in placenames)
  - Middle Dutch: vucht, vocht
    - Dutch: vocht (noun); vochtig
      - Afrikaans: vog (noun); vogtig
- Old High German: fūht, fūhti; fiuhti
  - Middle High German: viuchte
    - German: feucht

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*funhtu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*funhtu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 160

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