Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haliþaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *xvala (“praise, thanks”). Kluge suggests a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”), see also Old Church Slavonic калити (kaliti, “to harden, cool”), Old Irish calath (“hard”), Sanskrit कलिका (kalikā, “bud”).[1] Kroonen, comparing Old Irish caur (“warrior, hero”), reconstructs a quasi-Indo-European substrate term *karut- from which both the Celtic and Germanic borrowed from (note that the Celtic descendant of this root, *karuts-, is not to be confused with Proto-Celtic *kawaros, which collapsed onto the same form in Old Irish); whether Tocharian B kālśke (“youth, young brahmin”) is connected is unclear.[2]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxɑ.li.θɑz/

Noun

*haliþaz m

  1. hero

Inflection

Declension of *haliþaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *haliþaz *haliþōz, *haliþōs
vocative *haliþ *haliþōz, *haliþōs
accusative *haliþą *haliþanz
genitive *haliþas, *haliþis *haliþǫ̂
dative *haliþai *haliþamaz
instrumental *haliþō *haliþamiz

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “Held”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*haleþ- ~ *haluþ-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 204
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