Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlainijaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From *hlināną (“to lean”) + *-janą (causative suffix), the former a stative of an old nasal present from Proto-Indo-European *ḱley- (“to lean”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈxlɑi̯.ni.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*hlainijaną[1]
- (transitive) to lean, cause to lean
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *hlainijō | *hlainijaų | — | *hlainijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *hlainīsi | *hlainijais | *hlainī | *hlainijasai | *hlainijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *hlainīþi | *hlainijai | *hlainijaþau | *hlainijaþai | *hlainijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *hlainijōs | *hlainijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *hlainijaþiz | *hlainijaiþiz | *hlainijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *hlainijamaz | *hlainijaim | — | *hlainijanþai | *hlainijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *hlainīþ | *hlainijaiþ | *hlainīþ | *hlainijanþai | *hlainijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *hlainijanþi | *hlainijain | *hlainijanþau | *hlainijanþai | *hlainijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *hlainidǭ | *hlainidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *hlainidēz | *hlainidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *hlainidē | *hlainidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *hlainidēdū | *hlainidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *hlainidēdudiz | *hlainidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *hlainidēdum | *hlainidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *hlainidēdud | *hlainidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *hlainidēdun | *hlainidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *hlainijandz | *hlainidaz | ||||
Derived terms
- *hlainisōną
Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *hlainijan
- Old Norse: *hleina
- Danish: læne
- Swedish: läna
References
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hlainjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 228