Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlaiwijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hlaiwą (“grave, tomb”) +‎ *-janą (factitive or denominative verbal suffix).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈxlɑi̯.wi.jɑ.nɑ̃/^[1]:

Verb

*hlaiwijaną

to entomb; to bury

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*hlaiwijō	*hlaiwijaų	—	*hlaiwijai	?
2nd singular	*hlaiwīsi	*hlaiwijais	*hlaiwī	*hlaiwijasai	*hlaiwijaisau
3rd singular	*hlaiwīþi	*hlaiwijai	*hlaiwijaþau	*hlaiwijaþai	*hlaiwijaiþau
1st dual	*hlaiwijōs	*hlaiwijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hlaiwijaþiz	*hlaiwijaiþiz	*hlaiwijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hlaiwijamaz	*hlaiwijaim	—	*hlaiwijanþai	*hlaiwijainþau
2nd plural	*hlaiwīþ	*hlaiwijaiþ	*hlaiwīþ	*hlaiwijanþai	*hlaiwijainþau
3rd plural	*hlaiwijanþi	*hlaiwijain	*hlaiwijanþau	*hlaiwijanþai	*hlaiwijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hlaiwidǭ	*hlaiwidēdį̄
2nd singular	*hlaiwidēz	*hlaiwidēdīz
3rd singular	*hlaiwidē	*hlaiwidēdī
1st dual	*hlaiwidēdū	*hlaiwidēdīw
2nd dual	*hlaiwidēdudiz	*hlaiwidēdīdiz
1st plural	*hlaiwidēdum	*hlaiwidēdīm
2nd plural	*hlaiwidēdud	*hlaiwidēdīd
3rd plural	*hlaiwidēdun	*hlaiwidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*hlaiwijandz	*hlaiwidaz

Descendants

Proto-Norse: *ᚺᛚᚨᛁᚹᛁᛃᚨᚾ (*hlaiwijan) (two finite forms attested)

References

^ Inscription/entry N KJ75 in the RuneS-Database ot the research project Runic Writing in the Germanic Languages (RuneS) of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Lower Saxony, 2025.

[1] Inscription/entry N KJ75 in the RuneS-Database ot the research project Runic Writing in the Germanic Languages (RuneS) of the Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities in Lower Saxony, 2025.

[1]