Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hnaskuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *hnaskwuz, from Proto-Indo-European *knes- (“to scrape; scratch; rub”), which may be an extension of Proto-Indo-European *ken- (“to scrape; scratch; rub”). Cognate with Lithuanian kni̇̀sti (“to dig up; tear apart”),[1] Sanskrit किक्नस (kiknasa, “crushed grain; meal; grits”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxnɑs.kuz/

Adjective

*hnaskuz

  1. soft, tender, yielding

Inflection

Declension of *hnaskuz (u-stem)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *hnaskuz *hnaskwī *hnaskų, *-jatō *hnaskwijai *hnaskwijôz *hnaskwijō
accusative *hnaskwijanǭ *hnaskwijǭ *hnaskų, *-jatō *hnaskwijanz *hnaskwijōz *hnaskwijō
genitive *hnaskwijas, *hnaskwīs *hnaskwijaizōz *hnaskwijas, *hnaskwīs *hnaskwijaizǫ̂ *hnaskwijaizǫ̂ *hnaskwijaizǫ̂
dative *hnaskwijammai *hnaskwijaizōi *hnaskwijammai *hnaskwijaimaz *hnaskwijaimaz *hnaskwijaimaz
instrumental *hnaskwijanō *hnaskwijaizō *hnaskwijanō *hnaskwijaimiz *hnaskwijaimiz *hnaskwijaimiz
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *hnaskwijô *hnaskwijǭ *hnaskwijô *hnaskwijaniz *hnaskwijōniz *hnaskwijōnō
accusative *hnaskwijanų *hnaskwijōnų *hnaskwijô *hnaskwijanunz *hnaskwijōnunz *hnaskwijōnō
genitive *hnaskwīniz *hnaskwijōniz *hnaskwīniz *hnaskwijanǫ̂ *hnaskwijōnǫ̂ *hnaskwijanǫ̂
dative *hnaskwīni *hnaskwijōni *hnaskwīni *hnaskwijammaz *hnaskwijōmaz *hnaskwijammaz
instrumental *hnaskwīnē *hnaskwijōnē *hnaskwīnē *hnaskwijammiz *hnaskwijōmiz *hnaskwijammiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hnaskwī
    • Old English: hnæsċe, hnesċe, hnysċe
      • Middle English: nesche
    • Old Dutch: *neski, *nesc
  • Gothic: 𐌷𐌽𐌰𐍃𐌵𐌿𐍃 (hnasqus)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hnaskwu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 233-4
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