Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwēsaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱwes- (“to pant”). Cognate with Latin queror.[1]

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ˈxʷeː.sɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwēsaną[1][2]

  1. to wheeze

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 7d)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwēsō *hwēsaų — *hwēsai ?
2nd singular *hwēsizi *hwēsaiz *hwēs *hwēsazai *hwēsaizau
3rd singular *hwēsidi *hwēsai *hwēsadau *hwēsadai *hwēsaidau
1st dual *hwēsōz *hwēsaiw — — —
2nd dual *hwēsadiz *hwēsaidiz *hwēsadiz — —
1st plural *hwēsamaz *hwēsaim — *hwēsandai *hwēsaindau
2nd plural *hwēsid *hwēsaid *hwēsid *hwēsandai *hwēsaindau
3rd plural *hwēsandi *hwēsain *hwēsandau *hwēsandai *hwēsaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwehwōs *hwehwōzį̄
2nd singular *hwehwōst *hwehwōzīz
3rd singular *hwehwōs *hwehwōzī
1st dual *hwehwōzū *hwehwōzīw
2nd dual *hwehwōzudiz *hwehwōzīdiz
1st plural *hwehwōzum *hwehwōzīm
2nd plural *hwehwōzud *hwehwōzīd
3rd plural *hwehwōzun *hwehwōzīn
present past
participles *hwēsandz *hwēsanaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *hwāsan
    • Old English: hwǣsan
      • Middle English: whesen

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hwēsan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 266
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*hwēsanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
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