Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hwīnaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱwey- (“to hiss, whistle, whisper”). Possibly related to Proto-Slavic *kviliti, *kvilěti (“to neigh, to squeak, to wail”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈxʷiː.nɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hwīnaną[1][2]

  1. to rush, make a rushing sound, whizz, hiss, squeal, whine

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwīnō *hwīnaų — *hwīnai ?
2nd singular *hwīnizi *hwīnaiz *hwīn *hwīnazai *hwīnaizau
3rd singular *hwīnidi *hwīnai *hwīnadau *hwīnadai *hwīnaidau
1st dual *hwīnōz *hwīnaiw — — —
2nd dual *hwīnadiz *hwīnaidiz *hwīnadiz — —
1st plural *hwīnamaz *hwīnaim — *hwīnandai *hwīnaindau
2nd plural *hwīnid *hwīnaid *hwīnid *hwīnandai *hwīnaindau
3rd plural *hwīnandi *hwīnain *hwīnandau *hwīnandai *hwīnaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hwain *hwinį̄
2nd singular *hwaint *hwinīz
3rd singular *hwain *hwinī
1st dual *hwinū *hwinīw
2nd dual *hwinudiz *hwinīdiz
1st plural *hwinum *hwinīm
2nd plural *hwinud *hwinīd
3rd plural *hwinun *hwinīn
present past
participles *hwīnandz *hwinanaz
  • *hwinisōną

Descendants

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hwīnan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 267
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*xwīnanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 201
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