Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jōsijaną
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From otherwise unattested *jōsiz (“tumultuous”) + *-janą, which is the vṛddhi gerundive of *jasaną (“to be loud; to struggle”), from Proto-Indo-European *yes- (“to well, seethe, foam, ferment”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈjɔː.si.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Verb
*jōsijaną
- (North Germanic) to stir up, excite
Inflection
| active voice | passive voice | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive | |
| 1st singular | *jōsijō | *jōsijaų | — | *jōsijai | ? | |
| 2nd singular | *jōsīsi | *jōsijais | *jōsī | *jōsijasai | *jōsijaisau | |
| 3rd singular | *jōsīþi | *jōsijai | *jōsijaþau | *jōsijaþai | *jōsijaiþau | |
| 1st dual | *jōsijōs | *jōsijaiw | — | — | — | |
| 2nd dual | *jōsijaþiz | *jōsijaiþiz | *jōsijaþiz | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *jōsijamaz | *jōsijaim | — | *jōsijanþai | *jōsijainþau | |
| 2nd plural | *jōsīþ | *jōsijaiþ | *jōsīþ | *jōsijanþai | *jōsijainþau | |
| 3rd plural | *jōsijanþi | *jōsijain | *jōsijanþau | *jōsijanþai | *jōsijainþau | |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| 1st singular | *jōsidǭ | *jōsidēdį̄ | ||||
| 2nd singular | *jōsidēz | *jōsidēdīz | ||||
| 3rd singular | *jōsidē | *jōsidēdī | ||||
| 1st dual | *jōsidēdū | *jōsidēdīw | ||||
| 2nd dual | *jōsidēdudiz | *jōsidēdīdiz | ||||
| 1st plural | *jōsidēdum | *jōsidēdīm | ||||
| 2nd plural | *jōsidēdud | *jōsidēdīd | ||||
| 3rd plural | *jōsidēdun | *jōsidēdīn | ||||
| present | past | |||||
| participles | *jōsijandz | *jōsidaz | ||||