Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jakkōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier paradigm *jakkōþi ~ *jagunanþi,^[1] from pre-Proto-Germanic nā-iterative (*-ōną) *yogʰ-nā́-ti ~ *yogʰ-un-ánti, likely rebuilt from eh₂ye-iterative Proto-Indo-European *h₁yoǵʰ-eh₂yé-ti, from metathesized *h₁eyǵʰ- (“to strive, chase”) +‎ *-eh₂yéti.

Verb

*jakkōną^[1]

to hunt

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 2)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*jakkō	*jakkǭ	—	*jakkōi	?
2nd singular	*jakkōsi	*jakkōs	*jakkō	*jakkōsai	*jakkōsau
3rd singular	*jakkōþi	*jakkō	*jakkōþau	*jakkōþai	*jakkōþau
1st dual	*jakkōs	*jakkōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*jakkōþiz	*jakkōþiz	*jakkōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*jakkōmaz	*jakkōm	—	*jakkōnþai	*jakkōnþau
2nd plural	*jakkōþ	*jakkōþ	*jakkōþ	*jakkōnþai	*jakkōnþau
3rd plural	*jakkōnþi	*jakkōn	*jakkōnþau	*jakkōnþai	*jakkōnþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*jakkōdǭ	*jakkōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*jakkōdēz	*jakkōdēdīz
3rd singular	*jakkōdē	*jakkōdēdī
1st dual	*jakkōdēdū	*jakkōdēdīw
2nd dual	*jakkōdēdudiz	*jakkōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*jakkōdēdum	*jakkōdēdīm
2nd plural	*jakkōdēdud	*jakkōdēdīd
3rd plural	*jakkōdēdun	*jakkōdēdīn

	present	past
participles	*jakkōndz	*jakkōdaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *jakkōn
- Old Dutch: *jakkon
  - Middle Dutch: jakken
    - Dutch: jakken
Proto-West Germanic: *jagōn
- Old Frisian: jagia
  - Saterland Frisian: joagje
  - West Frisian: jeie
- Old Saxon: *jagōn
  - Middle Low German: jāgen
    - Low German: jagen, jogen
      - German Low German: jagen
    - → Old Norse: jaga
      - Faroese: jaga
      - Old Danish: jæge
        Danish: jage
      - Swedish: jaga
      - Norwegian Bokmål: jage
      - Norwegian Nynorsk: jaga, jage
      - Gutnish: jage, jaga, jag'
      - → Middle English: *yagen, *yawen
        >? English: yaw
        Scots: yaag
        ⇒ Scots: yaggle
- Old Dutch: *jagon
  - Middle Dutch: jagen
    - Dutch: jagen
      - Afrikaans: jaag
      - Berbice Creole Dutch: jagi
      - Negerhollands: jaak, jaag, ak
      - → Aukan: yaki
      - → Kwinti: jagi
      - → Papiamentu: yag, jaag
      - → Saramaccan: jáka
      - → Sranan Tongo: yagi, yagigwe, djaggi
        → Caribbean Javanese: yagi, ngyagi
    - Limburgish: jage
    - Zealandic: jaege
- Old High German: jagōn
  - Middle High German: jagen
    - Alemannic German: jage
    - Cimbrian: jaagan
    - German: jagen
    - Hunsrik: jachte
    - Luxembourgish: joen
    - Yiddish: יאָגן (yogn)
  - >? Proto-Albanian: *jaxånj-^[2]
    - Albanian: gjuaj

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*jakk/gōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 271-2
^ Lopuhaä, M.A. Nasaalpresentia in het Albanees. Bachelorscriptie, 5. Julie 2012. Scriptiebegeleider: Dr. M.A.C. de Vaan

[EDPG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*jakk/gōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 271-2

[2] Lopuhaä, M.A. Nasaalpresentia in het Albanees. Bachelorscriptie, 5. Julie 2012. Scriptiebegeleider: Dr. M.A.C. de Vaan

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[2]