Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knuttijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *knuttô (knot) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈknut.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*knuttijaną[1]

  1. to bind into a knot
  2. to tie with a knot

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *knuttijō *knuttijaų *knuttijai ?
2nd singular *knuttīsi *knuttijais *knuttī *knuttijasai *knuttijaisau
3rd singular *knuttīþi *knuttijai *knuttijaþau *knuttijaþai *knuttijaiþau
1st dual *knuttijōs *knuttijaiw
2nd dual *knuttijaþiz *knuttijaiþiz *knuttijaþiz
1st plural *knuttijamaz *knuttijaim *knuttijanþai *knuttijainþau
2nd plural *knuttīþ *knuttijaiþ *knuttīþ *knuttijanþai *knuttijainþau
3rd plural *knuttijanþi *knuttijain *knuttijanþau *knuttijanþai *knuttijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *knuttidǭ *knuttidēdį̄
2nd singular *knuttidēz *knuttidēdīz
3rd singular *knuttidē *knuttidēdī
1st dual *knuttidēdū *knuttidēdīw
2nd dual *knuttidēdudiz *knuttidēdīdiz
1st plural *knuttidēdum *knuttidēdīm
2nd plural *knuttidēdud *knuttidēdīd
3rd plural *knuttidēdun *knuttidēdīn
present past
participles *knuttijandz *knuttidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *knuttijan
    • Old English: cnyttan, cnittan
      • Middle English: knytten, knutten, knetten, knitten
    • Old Saxon: *knuttian
      • Middle Low German: knütten
        • Low German: knütten
    • Old Dutch: *knutten
      • Middle Dutch: cnutten
  • Old Norse: knytja, knyta

References

  1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*knut(t)janan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 219