Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kramjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *krimmaną +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkram.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kramjaną[1]

  1. to cause to squeeze
  2. to cram, stuff

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kramjō *kramjaų — *kramjai ?
2nd singular *kramisi *kramjais *krami *kramjasai *kramjaisau
3rd singular *kramiþi *kramjai *kramjaþau *kramjaþai *kramjaiþau
1st dual *kramjōs *kramjaiw — — —
2nd dual *kramjaþiz *kramjaiþiz *kramjaþiz — —
1st plural *kramjamaz *kramjaim — *kramjanþai *kramjainþau
2nd plural *kramiþ *kramjaiþ *kramiþ *kramjanþai *kramjainþau
3rd plural *kramjanþi *kramjain *kramjanþau *kramjanþai *kramjainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kramidǭ *kramidēdį̄
2nd singular *kramidēz *kramidēdīz
3rd singular *kramidē *kramidēdī
1st dual *kramidēdū *kramidēdīw
2nd dual *kramidēdudiz *kramidēdīdiz
1st plural *kramidēdum *kramidēdīm
2nd plural *kramidēdud *kramidēdīd
3rd plural *kramidēdun *kramidēdīn
present past
participles *kramjandz *kramidaz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: kremja

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kramjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 300
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