Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/krammijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *krimmaną (“to push, squeeze”) +‎ *-janą (“causative suffix”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkrɑm.mi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*krammijaną

  1. to squeeze

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krammijō *krammijaų — *krammijai ?
2nd singular *krammīsi *krammijais *krammī *krammijasai *krammijaisau
3rd singular *krammīþi *krammijai *krammijaþau *krammijaþai *krammijaiþau
1st dual *krammijōs *krammijaiw — — —
2nd dual *krammijaþiz *krammijaiþiz *krammijaþiz — —
1st plural *krammijamaz *krammijaim — *krammijanþai *krammijainþau
2nd plural *krammīþ *krammijaiþ *krammīþ *krammijanþai *krammijainþau
3rd plural *krammijanþi *krammijain *krammijanþau *krammijanþai *krammijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *krammidǭ *krammidēdį̄
2nd singular *krammidēz *krammidēdīz
3rd singular *krammidē *krammidēdī
1st dual *krammidēdū *krammidēdīw
2nd dual *krammidēdudiz *krammidēdīdiz
1st plural *krammidēdum *krammidēdīm
2nd plural *krammidēdud *krammidēdīd
3rd plural *krammidēdun *krammidēdīn
present past
participles *krammijandz *krammidaz

Descendants

  • Old Norse: kremja

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kramjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 300
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