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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From a base derived from Proto-Indo-European *gel-, *gʷel- (“to devour; gullet”) + *-ukaz (diminutive suffix).
Noun
*kulukaz m
- a hollow, depression, or well
- trench, gully; pit
Inflection
Declension of *kulukaz (masculine a-stem)
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singular
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plural
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| nominative
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*kulukaz
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*kulukōz, *kulukōs
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| vocative
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*kuluk
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*kulukōz, *kulukōs
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| accusative
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*kuluką
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*kulukanz
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| genitive
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*kulukas, *kulukis
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*kulukǫ̂
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| dative
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*kulukai
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*kulukamaz
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| instrumental
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*kulukō
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*kulukamiz
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Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *kolk, *koluk
- Old English: *colc
- >? Middle English: colk
- >? English: coke
- ⇒? Middle English: colkenen (“to gasp, gulp”)
- >? Scots: cowk (“to retch, vomit”)
- Old Frisian: kolk
- Saterland Frisian: Kolk
- West Frisian: kolk
- Old Saxon: *kolk
- Middle Low German: kolk, kulk
- German Low German: Kolk
- → Middle High German: kolc
- German: Kolk
- ⇒ German: kolken (“to gulp”), (dialectal) kölken, kolksen (“to vomit”)
- →⇒ Danish: kulke (“to swallow, gulp”)
- Old Dutch: *kolk
- Middle Dutch: colc, culc, colck