Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kumbraz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *gm̥ros, from Proto-Indo-European *gem- (“to press together, grasp”). Cognate with Ancient Greek γέμω (gémō, “to be full”).[1] An uncertain reconstruction; note that many etymologists view the given descendants as being derived from Latin or a Celtic language (see the etymology at German Kummer).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkum.brɑz/

Noun

*kumbraz m[1](West Germanic)

  1. sorrow, burden, trouble

Declension

Declension of *kumbraz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *kumbraz *kumbrōz, *kumbrōs
vocative *kumbr *kumbrōz, *kumbrōs
accusative *kumbrą *kumbranz
genitive *kumbras, *kumbris *kumbrǫ̂
dative *kumbrai *kumbramaz
instrumental *kumbrō *kumbramiz

Descendants

  • Old Frisian: kummer
  • Middle Dutch: commer, comber
  • Middle High German: kumber, kummer
    • German: Kummer
    • Luxembourgish: Kommer

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*kumbra-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 310
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