Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/maþlijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *maþlą (speech, gathering, legal case) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɑθ.li.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*maþlijaną

  1. to speak

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *maþlijō *maþlijaų *maþlijai ?
2nd singular *maþlīsi *maþlijais *maþlī *maþlijasai *maþlijaisau
3rd singular *maþlīþi *maþlijai *maþlijaþau *maþlijaþai *maþlijaiþau
1st dual *maþlijōs *maþlijaiw
2nd dual *maþlijaþiz *maþlijaiþiz *maþlijaþiz
1st plural *maþlijamaz *maþlijaim *maþlijanþai *maþlijainþau
2nd plural *maþlīþ *maþlijaiþ *maþlīþ *maþlijanþai *maþlijainþau
3rd plural *maþlijanþi *maþlijain *maþlijanþau *maþlijanþai *maþlijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *maþlidǭ *maþlidēdį̄
2nd singular *maþlidēz *maþlidēdīz
3rd singular *maþlidē *maþlidēdī
1st dual *maþlidēdū *maþlidēdīw
2nd dual *maþlidēdudiz *maþlidēdīdiz
1st plural *maþlidēdum *maþlidēdīm
2nd plural *maþlidēdud *maþlidēdīd
3rd plural *maþlidēdun *maþlidēdīn
present past
participles *maþlijandz *maþlidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *maþlijan
    • Old English: mǣlan, mæþlan
      • Middle English: melen, mellen
    • Old Saxon: mahlian
      • Middle Low German:
        • German Low German: melen
          • German Low German: afmelen, utmelen
    • Old High German: mahalen
    • Late Latin: admallāre
  • Old Norse: mæla
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (maþljan)
  • Crimean Gothic: malthata