Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/maguz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *mogʰus (“boy”), which appears to be restricted to western Indo-European branches. Cognate with Proto-Celtic *mogus (“boy, servant”) (whence Old Irish mug, Cornish maw (“servant”)).[1] Unrelated to Proto-Celtic *makʷos (“son”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɑ.ɣuz/

Noun

*maguz m

  1. boy

Inflection

The stem was originally *magw- alternating with *mag- next to *u as per the boukólos rule, but after the change *gw > *w would have had an alternation between *mag- and *maw- depending on the ending. This alternation is not preserved in any daughter language and presumably had been levelled in Proto-Germanic as well, but the derived noun still shows the second alternant.

Declension of *maguz (u-stem)
singular plural
nominative *maguz *magiwiz
vocative *magu *magiwiz
accusative *magų *magunz
genitive *magauz *magiwǫ̂
dative *magiwi *magumaz
instrumental *magū *magumiz

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *magu
    • Old English: magu, mago
    • Old Frisian: *mago, mage
    • Old Saxon: magu
    • Old High German: *mago
      • ⇒ Old High German: *magozogo, magazogo
        • Middle High German: magezoge
  • Proto-Norse: *ᛗᚨᚷᚢᛉ (*maguʀ) (attested in ᛗᚨᚷᚢ (magu, accusative singular), ᛗᚨᚷᛟᛉ (magoʀ, genitive singular))
  • Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌲𐌿𐍃 (magus)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*magu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 347
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