Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/maltijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology 1

From *meltaną (“to melt”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmɑl.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*maltijaną^[1]^[2]

to make dissolve, cause to melt

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*maltijō	*maltijaų	—	*maltijai	?
2nd singular	*maltīsi	*maltijais	*maltī	*maltijasai	*maltijaisau
3rd singular	*maltīþi	*maltijai	*maltijaþau	*maltijaþai	*maltijaiþau
1st dual	*maltijōs	*maltijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*maltijaþiz	*maltijaiþiz	*maltijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*maltijamaz	*maltijaim	—	*maltijanþai	*maltijainþau
2nd plural	*maltīþ	*maltijaiþ	*maltīþ	*maltijanþai	*maltijainþau
3rd plural	*maltijanþi	*maltijain	*maltijanþau	*maltijanþai	*maltijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*maltidǭ	*maltidēdį̄
2nd singular	*maltidēz	*maltidēdīz
3rd singular	*maltidē	*maltidēdī
1st dual	*maltidēdū	*maltidēdīw
2nd dual	*maltidēdudiz	*maltidēdīdiz
1st plural	*maltidēdum	*maltidēdīm
2nd plural	*maltidēdud	*maltidēdīd
3rd plural	*maltidēdun	*maltidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*maltijandz	*maltidaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *maltijan
- Old English: mieltan
Old Norse: melta
- Faroese: melta
- Icelandic: melta
⇒ Gothic: *𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*gamaltjan), 𐌲𐌰𐌼𐌰𐌻𐍄𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (gamalteins)

Etymology 2

From *maltą (“malt”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmɑl.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*maltijaną^[3]

to malt (for brewing)

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*maltijō	*maltijaų	—	*maltijai	?
2nd singular	*maltīsi	*maltijais	*maltī	*maltijasai	*maltijaisau
3rd singular	*maltīþi	*maltijai	*maltijaþau	*maltijaþai	*maltijaiþau
1st dual	*maltijōs	*maltijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*maltijaþiz	*maltijaiþiz	*maltijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*maltijamaz	*maltijaim	—	*maltijanþai	*maltijainþau
2nd plural	*maltīþ	*maltijaiþ	*maltīþ	*maltijanþai	*maltijainþau
3rd plural	*maltijanþi	*maltijain	*maltijanþau	*maltijanþai	*maltijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*maltidǭ	*maltidēdį̄
2nd singular	*maltidēz	*maltidēdīz
3rd singular	*maltidē	*maltidēdī
1st dual	*maltidēdū	*maltidēdīw
2nd dual	*maltidēdudiz	*maltidēdīdiz
1st plural	*maltidēdum	*maltidēdīm
2nd plural	*maltidēdud	*maltidēdīd
3rd plural	*maltidēdun	*maltidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*maltijandz	*maltidaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *maltijan
- Old Saxon: *meltian
  - Middle Low German: melten
  - ⇒ Old Saxon: gimeltian
- Old Dutch: *melten
  - Middle Dutch: melten
- Old High German: *melzen
  - Middle High German: melzen
    - German: mälzen
Old Norse: melta
- Icelandic: melta

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*maltjan”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 351
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*maltjanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 258
^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*maltjanan I”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 258

[Kroonen-1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*maltjan”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 351

[Orel1-2] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*maltjanan II”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 258

[Orel2-3] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*maltjanan I”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 258

[1]

[2]

[3]