Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/metaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈme.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*metaną

to measure

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 5)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*metō	*metaų	—	*metai	?
2nd singular	*mitizi	*metaiz	*met	*metazai	*metaizau
3rd singular	*mitidi	*metai	*metadau	*metadai	*metaidau
1st dual	*metōz	*metaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*metadiz	*metaidiz	*metadiz	—	—
1st plural	*metamaz	*metaim	—	*metandai	*metaindau
2nd plural	*mitid	*metaid	*mitid	*metandai	*metaindau
3rd plural	*metandi	*metain	*metandau	*metandai	*metaindau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*mat	*mētį̄
2nd singular	*mast	*mētīz
3rd singular	*mat	*mētī
1st dual	*mētū	*mētīw
2nd dual	*mētudiz	*mētīdiz
1st plural	*mētum	*mētīm
2nd plural	*mētud	*mētīd
3rd plural	*mētun	*mētīn

	present	past
participles	*metandz	*metanaz

Derived terms

*mētiz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *metan
- Old English: metan
  - Middle English: meten
    - Scots: mete, meit
    - English: mete
- Old Frisian: meta
  - Saterland Frisian: meete
  - West Frisian: mjitte (>ôfmjitte)
- Old Saxon: metan
  - Middle Low German: meten
    - Low German: meten
- Old Dutch: metan
  - Middle Dutch: meten
    - Dutch: meten
    - Limburgish: maete
- Old High German: mezzan
  - Middle High German: mezzen
    - German: messen
    - Luxembourgish: miessen
    - Yiddish: מעסטן (mestn)
Old Norse: meta
- Icelandic: meta
- Faroese: meta
- Norwegian: meta
- Old Swedish: mæta, miæta
  - Swedish: mäta
- Old Danish: mætæ
  - Danish: måde, (merged with måle)
- Scanian: meda, máda, máttas
- Elfdalian: mät åv ?
Gothic: 𐌼𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (mitan)
→ Proto-Finnic: *mët'ëldak (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*metan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 367

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*metan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 367

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