Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/murþą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *mr̥tós (“dead”), from *mer- (“to die”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmur.θɑ̃/

Noun

*murþą n

death
killing, slaying, murder
(especially) a killing in secret where the body was hidden (which was considered particularly shameful)

Inflection

Declension of *murþą (neuter a-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*murþą	*murþō
vocative	*murþą	*murþō
accusative	*murþą	*murþō
genitive	murþas, murþis	*murþǫ̂
dative	*murþai	*murþamaz
instrumental	*murþō	*murþamiz

Derived terms

*murþijaną

Related terms

*murþrą

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *morþ
- Old English: morþ
  - Middle English: morth, murth
    - Scots: murth
    - English: murth, murther, murder
- Old Frisian: morth, mord
  - Saterland Frisian: Morde, Moort
  - West Frisian: moard
- Old Saxon: morth
  - Middle Low German: mōrt
    - German Low German: Moord
    - Low German: mort
- Old Dutch: morth
  - Middle Dutch: mord, mort, moort
    - Dutch: moord
- Old High German: mord
  - Middle High German: mort
    - German: Mord
      - → Polish: mord, morderstwo
    - Luxembourgish: Muerd
Proto-Norse: *ᛗᛟᚱᚦᚨ (*morþa)
- Old Norse: morð
  - Icelandic: morð
  - Faroese: morð
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: mord
  - Norwegian Bokmål: mord
  - Old Swedish: morþ
    - Swedish: mord
  - Danish: mord
- →? Finnish: murha

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*murþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 378

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*murþa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 378

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