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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Unknown. Likely from a pre-Germanic substrate language,[1] due to phonetic irregularities between the root's relatives in other languages, as well as its restriction to western branches of Indo-European. Said relatives include Middle Welsh beich (“load, cargo”) (from Proto-Celtic *baskis (“bundle, load”)), Latin bāiulus (“porter, carrier”),[2] and perhaps fascis (“bundle”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos, “bundle”).
Pronunciation
Noun
*pakkô m
- bundle; pack; package
Inflection
Declension of *pakkô (masculine an-stem)
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singular
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plural
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| nominative
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*pakkô
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*pakkaniz
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| vocative
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*pakkô
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*pakkaniz
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| accusative
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*pakkanų
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*pakkanunz
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| genitive
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*pakkiniz
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*pakkanǫ̂
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| dative
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*pakkini
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*pakkammaz
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| instrumental
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*pakkinē
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*pakkammiz
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Descendants
- Proto-West Germanic: *pakkō
- Old English: *pacca, *pæcca
- Old Frisian: *pakka
- Old Saxon: *pakko
- Middle Low German: packe, pak
- German Low German: Pack
- ⇒ Middle Low German: gepak, gepack
- German Low German: Gepack
- → Middle High German: pac
- German: Pack, Packen
- ⇒ Middle High German: gepac
- ⇒ Middle High German: backel (“bundle”)
- Old Dutch: *pakko, pac
- → Old French: pacque, pasque; pacquage; pacquet, paquet
- Old Norse: pakki; pakka (possibly borrowed from Low German)
References
- ^ E.C. Polomé (1989), ‘Substrate lexicon in Germanic,’ NOWELE 14, 53-73, p. 60-63
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*pakka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 396