Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/rignijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *regną (rain) +‎ *-janą.[1]

Verb

*rignijaną

  1. (impersonal) to rain

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rignijō *rignijaų *rignijai ?
2nd singular *rignīsi *rignijais *rignī *rignijasai *rignijaisau
3rd singular *rignīþi *rignijai *rignijaþau *rignijaþai *rignijaiþau
1st dual *rignijōs *rignijaiw
2nd dual *rignijaþiz *rignijaiþiz *rignijaþiz
1st plural *rignijamaz *rignijaim *rignijanþai *rignijainþau
2nd plural *rignīþ *rignijaiþ *rignīþ *rignijanþai *rignijainþau
3rd plural *rignijanþi *rignijain *rignijanþau *rignijanþai *rignijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *rignidǭ *rignidēdį̄
2nd singular *rignidēz *rignidēdīz
3rd singular *rignidē *rignidēdī
1st dual *rignidēdū *rignidēdīw
2nd dual *rignidēdudiz *rignidēdīdiz
1st plural *rignidēdum *rignidēdīm
2nd plural *rignidēdud *rignidēdīd
3rd plural *rignidēdun *rignidēdīn
present past
participles *rignijandz *rignidaz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *rignijan
    • Old English: riġnan, rīnan
      • Middle English: rinen, rynen
    • Old Frisian: reina
      • Saterland Frisian: riene
      • West Frisian: reine
    • Old High German: *reganen
      • Old High German: gireganen
        • Middle High German: geregenen
  • Old Norse: rigna
  • Gothic: 𐍂𐌹𐌲𐌽𐌾𐌰𐌽 (rignjan)

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*regna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 408:*regnjan-