Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/starbijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

This Proto-Germanic entry contains original research. The reconstruction in this entry is based on published research, but the specific form presented here is not found in prior works.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *sterbaną (“to die”) +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstɑr.βi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*starbijaną

to kill
to destroy

Inflection

Conjugation of (weak class 1)
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
	active voice			passive voice
1st singular	*starbijō	*starbijaų	—	*starbijai	?
2nd singular	*starbīsi	*starbijais	*starbī	*starbijasai	*starbijaisau
3rd singular	*starbīþi	*starbijai	*starbijaþau	*starbijaþai	*starbijaiþau
1st dual	*starbijōs	*starbijaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*starbijaþiz	*starbijaiþiz	*starbijaþiz	—	—
1st plural	*starbijamaz	*starbijaim	—	*starbijanþai	*starbijainþau
2nd plural	*starbīþ	*starbijaiþ	*starbīþ	*starbijanþai	*starbijainþau
3rd plural	*starbijanþi	*starbijain	*starbijanþau	*starbijanþai	*starbijainþau

past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*starbidǭ	*starbidēdį̄
2nd singular	*starbidēz	*starbidēdīz
3rd singular	*starbidē	*starbidēdī
1st dual	*starbidēdū	*starbidēdīw
2nd dual	*starbidēdudiz	*starbidēdīdiz
1st plural	*starbidēdum	*starbidēdīm
2nd plural	*starbidēdud	*starbidēdīd
3rd plural	*starbidēdun	*starbidēdīn

	present	past
participles	*starbijandz	*starbidaz

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *starbijan
- Old English: *stierfan
  - ⇒ Old English: āstierfan
- Old Saxon: *sterven
  - Middle Low German: sterven
- Old High German: *sterben
  - Middle High German: sterben
  - ⇒ Old High German: irsterben