Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stukkaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Derived from *stikaną (“to stick, stab”).[1] An alternative theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewg- (“to push; hit”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈstuk.kɑz/

Noun

*stukkaz m

  1. stick
    Synonyms: *furkaz, *kablaz, *spituz, *stabaz, *stikkô, *waluz
  2. beam; post
    Synonym: *sūliz
  3. stump
    Synonyms: *stukkiją, *stumpaz

Inflection

Declension of *stukkaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *stukkaz *stukkōz, *stukkōs
vocative *stukk *stukkōz, *stukkōs
accusative *stukką *stukkanz
genitive *stukkas, *stukkis *stukkǫ̂
dative *stukkai *stukkamaz
instrumental *stukkō *stukkamiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *stokk
    • Old English: stocc
    • Old Frisian: stokk, stok
    • Old Saxon: stokk
      • Middle Low German: stok
    • Old Dutch: *stoc
    • Old High German: stoc
    • → Old French: estoc
  • Old Norse: stokkr
    • Icelandic: stokkur
    • Faroese: stokkur
    • Norwegian: stokk
    • Old Swedish: stokker
      • Swedish: stock
      • → Finnish: tukki (“log”)
        • → Inari Sami: tukki (“log”)
      • → Karelian: tukki (“log”)
    • → Southern Sami: stuehkie
    • → Northern Sami: stohkka
    • Danish: stok
  • → Proto-Celtic: *tsŭkk- (via metathesis)
    • Gaulish: *tsukka
      • → Vulgar Latin: *tsucca (see there for further descendants)
    • Breton: soc’h
    • Old Irish: tócht

References

  1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stukka-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 487
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