Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/stuntaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Of uncertain origin. The traditional derivation as a nasal-infixed formation related to *stautaną (“to push, bump”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewd- (“to beat; push; pound”),^[1] is phonetically dubious when taking in account related formations such as *stantōną (whence German stanzen (“to press, cut out, punch”)) and *stantjaną (whence German stenzen (“to hit, beat”)).^[2]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈstun.tɑz/

Adjective

*stuntaz

short; stunted
stupid; dumb
Synonym: *dwēsaz

Inflection

Declension of *stuntaz (a-stem)
Strong declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stuntaz	*stuntō	*stuntą, -atō	*stuntai	*stuntôz	*stuntō
accusative	*stuntanǭ	*stuntǭ	*stuntą, -atō	*stuntanz	*stuntōz	*stuntō
genitive	*stuntas, -is	*stuntaizōz	*stuntas, -is	*stuntaizǫ̂	*stuntaizǫ̂	*stuntaizǫ̂
dative	*stuntammai	*stuntaizōi	*stuntammai	*stuntaimaz	*stuntaimaz	*stuntaimaz
instrumental	*stuntanō	*stuntaizō	*stuntanō	*stuntaimiz	*stuntaimiz	*stuntaimiz

Weak declension
	singular			plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	*stuntô	*stuntǭ	*stuntô	*stuntaniz	*stuntōniz	*stuntōnō
accusative	*stuntanų	*stuntōnų	*stuntô	*stuntanunz	*stuntōnunz	*stuntōnō
genitive	*stuntiniz	*stuntōniz	*stuntiniz	*stuntanǫ̂	*stuntōnǫ̂	*stuntanǫ̂
dative	*stuntini	*stuntōni	*stuntini	*stuntammaz	*stuntōmaz	*stuntammaz
instrumental	*stuntinē	*stuntōnē	*stuntinē	*stuntammiz	*stuntōmiz	*stuntammiz

Derived terms

*stantōną
*stantjaną

Descendants

Old English: stunt
- Middle English: stunt, stont
  - English: stunt
Old High German: *stunz
- Middle High German: stunz
Old Norse: stuttr
- Icelandic: stuttur
- Faroese: stuttur
- Norwegian: stutt

References

^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*stuntaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stunta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 487

[1] Vladimir Orel (2003) “*stuntaz”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 383

[2] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*stunta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 487

[1]

[2]