Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sumaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₁-o-, from *sem- (“one, whole”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsu.mɑz/

Determiner

*sumaz

  1. (in the singular) some (one), a certain (one)
  2. (in the plural) some, certain

Inflection

Declension of *sumaz (a-stem, strong only)
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative *sumaz *sumō *sumą, *-at(ō) *sumai *sumôz *sumō
accusative *sumanǭ *sumǭ *sumą, *-at(ō) *sumanz *sumōz *sumō
genitive *sumas, *sumis *sumaizōz *sumas, *sumis *sumaizǫ̂ *sumaizǫ̂ *sumaizǫ̂
dative *sumammai *sumaizōi *sumammai *sumaimaz *sumaimaz *sumaimaz
instrumental *sumanō *sumaizō *sumanō *sumaimiz *sumaimiz *sumaimiz

Descendants

  • Proto-West Germanic: *sum
    • Old English: sum
      • Middle English: som, somme, summe, zome (Kent)
        • English: some
        • Scots: sum, some
        • Yola: zim, zum
    • Old Frisian: sum
    • Old Saxon: sum
      • Middle Low German: som
        • Low German: sum
    • Old Dutch: sum
      • Middle Dutch: som
        • Dutch: som, saom (dialectal)
        • Limburgish: zóm
    • Old High German: sum
      • Middle High German: sum
  • Old Norse: sumr
  • Gothic: 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐍃 (sums)
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